智慧財產權規範與中草藥技術發展之研究

Abstract

隨著近年來歐美地區所興起的一股回歸天然的替代療法(Alternative medicine)風潮，中草藥藥性溫和及低副作用的醫療特性無形間迎合了歐美地區的醫療需求。「哈佛商業評論」更預測了中草藥現代化將是未來二十年最重要的四大產業之一。目前全球中草藥產業的產值約230億美元，並以每年10至12％的速度成長。預計在二○○五年將突破260億美元，二○○六年全球植物性藥物市場產值更將突破350億美元。然而綜觀目前國內中草藥產業的發展狀況，礙於中藥廠商規模過小、資金短缺且缺乏國際視野，導致我國中草藥產業面臨極大的發展瓶頸。且因為國內對中草藥專利的申請欠缺統一的審查基準，在中草藥專利數量的表現上遠遠落後於歐、美、中國大陸及日本。這對講求以知識為核心競爭力的時代來說，不異是一種發展上的隱憂。 本研究將從中草藥的相關法規制度面、專利審查要件、專利糾紛、技術鑑價及契約糾紛的面向，來討論中草藥技術發展及商品化過程中，所將衍生出的問題。本研究所採用的研究方法，主要是以專利分析、專家訪談及專家座談會的方式進行。最終，本研究將針對目前國內發展中草藥產業所面臨的問題提出可能的解決方案。研究成果將包含：國內外中草藥相關規範的分析整理、各國中草藥之發展趨勢、中草藥之專利地圖、中草藥技術發展問題整理、可能解決方案的提出。希望能藉由本研究的進行，有助於未來發展中草藥產業的規範訂定參考依據。

In recent years, a more natural way of medical procedure named ？HH？H？？alternative medicine？HH？HHis more and more popular in Europe and America. ？HH？H？？Chinese Herbal Medicine？HH？HH？HH]CHM？HH^, with gentler chemical effects and lower side effects, perfectly fits the medical needs of Europe and America. Harvard Business Review has pointed out that the modernization of CHM will be one of the four most important industries in twenty years. Now the value of global CHM industry is about 23 billion dollars, and is growing at the rate of 10-12 % every year. It is projected that the value will be over 26 billion US dollars in 2005 and over 35 billion in 2006. However, due to the small size of the CHM companies, the shortage of the funds, and the lack of an international view, the CHM industry in Taiwan now is facing a serious bottleneck. Meanwhile, because there is no uniform standard of CHM patent applications, the patent numbers of Taiwan have fallen behind Europe, US, Mainland China, and Japan a lot. It has a great problem in industrial development, especially in this knowledge-centered era. Through the aspects of some related legal system, the element of the patent, the disputes of the patents, the technique pricing, and the dispute of the contracts, this study will discuss the problems derived from the process of CHM technique development and commercialization. The methods of this study are patent analysis, interviewing with experts, and seminars. The results of the study will include: the analysis of the related legal statue of modern countries, the developing trends of CHM industry, the patent maps of CHM, the references of the current CHM developing problems, and the possible solutions. We hope this study is helpful to the rule-making procedure of CHM industry management in the future.