建立BIM為基礎之模擬模式以利營建工法之選擇

Abstract

近年來，工程實務界與學術界積極推動建築資訊模型(Building Information Modeling；BIM)之運用， 特別是結合BIM 模型與工程進度之4D 模型，可透過3D 視覺化方式協助工程管理，並事先偵測出工 程執行時之時間及空間衝突，除此之外，營建工法選擇亦是可有效運用之處。然而目前以BIM 3D 架 構為基礎的4D 模型，並未善用BIM 計算與儲存資訊之重要功能(例如數量計算)，故與過去4D 模型 並無明顯之差異。 本研究團隊去年度已驗證 BIM 與營建電腦模擬整合之可行性，今年度之研究目的擬進一步在BIM 模型之基礎上，建立以工法選擇為決策目的之營建電腦模擬模式。本計畫之進行步驟，首先根據本研 究擬開發之應用編程介面(Application Programming Interface)程式，進行工區劃分及抓取各分區模型資 訊，並匯入數量計算軟體產生各工區之施工數量(例如鋼筋、模版及混凝土量)，再利用STROBOSCOPE 電腦模擬工具，考量人力與機具資源之競爭以及施工現場之不確定性，分析各工項所需之資源、施工 順序、工率及完成時間，作為營造廠商選擇施工方法之參考。本研究發展之模式亦可自動產生施工作 業層級(activity-level)之工程進度表，並運用NavisWorks 展示施工進度之4D 動畫。研究成果預期將有 利於資訊廠商開發BIM 新的運用領域，且可提供施工廠商規劃工地分區、施工順序、資源配置及趕工 策略之參考。

In recent years, the engineering industry and academics have been actively promoting building information modeling (BIM), particularly for the 4D models in integrating BIM and project schedules. 3D visualization methods enable the development of construction management models capable of predicting workspace conflict during construction. In addition, a BIM-baed model should be an effective tool for the selection of construction methods. However, existing 4D models based on BIM 3D structures do not efficiently make use of BIM’s calculation and information storage functions (such as quantity takeoff), which essentially invalidates any advantages they might have over previous 4D models. Last year, our research team verified the feasibility of incorporating construction simulation into BIM. In this study, we will further produce a construction simulation model based on BIM, for the purpose of selecting construction methods. We will first divide work zones and capture the model information of each zone using an application programming interface developed in this study. We also import quantity takeoff software to generate the quantities of materials (such as rebar, forms, and concrete) required in each work zone. We then use STROBOSCOPE computer simulation software to analyze the resources needed by various construction items by considering the competition for manpower and equipment resources as well as uncertainties in the construction site. This approach also will enable us to consider construction sequences, productivity, and construction duration in providing construction contractors with a reference for the selection of construction method. We employ NavisWorks to display a 4D animation of the project and automatically create project schedules at the activity level. This study will make a significant contribution to the development of new BIM applications for software and system development companies and provide construction contractors with a reference for the planning of work zone division, construction sequences, resource allocation, and work-acceleration strategies.