考慮網路可靠性之可持續貨物複合運輸網路模型之研究

Abstract

台灣是以出口導向為主的國家，固有效率的貨物運輸是十分重要的。貨櫃貨運的相關 研究多以港口成本、營運、政策面等為主題，少有陸海空複合運輸的整體研究分析。 發展複合運輸系統一般被認為是較經濟和可持續的貨運策略，而要分析相關政策的績 效及預期結果，必須發展一套複合運輸的運輸網路系統模型，並能仔細估算貨物在網 路中的移動分佈。 本研究提出三個工作項目以分析上述問題：（一）發展一套貨物複合運輸模型，並考慮 路網當中線(如路段)和點 (如口岸) 的可靠度，（二）探討貨運承攬業者在選擇路線和港 口時在成本和可靠都的考量，（三）建立一套複合運輸路網的網絡設計問題，並考慮經 濟效益和可行性以及環境的可持續性現在限制。 所建立之模型預期能幫助探討和設計一套適合的運輸政策組合，以及替代方案的成本 效益。本研究並以台灣為案例分析，建構可提升整體績效和貨運競爭力的政策建議。

Taiwan is an export-based economy, and the important of freight transportation is of no question. Most of the previous studies of freight have focused on the cost factors, operation conditions and policy issues related to the ports. There is a lack of investigation on the intermodal level for freight transport comprising marine, air, and highway transport. Intermodal transportation has been demonstrated to be an (more) economic and sustainable strategy for freight transport. To explore the relevant policy options, a multimodal transportation network system for the logistic chain and a detailed estimation of the cargoes movement pattern on the multimodal network are required. This research aims to tackle these important issues by proposing to: (i) develop an advanced freight network model with multimodal transportation system considering network reliability at links and terminals, (ii) investigate the route selections and port choices of exporters and freight forwarders, who optimize for the cost and reliability, and (iii) formulate an integrated optimization problem for network design and capacity enhancement of infrastructures, taking into account the economic feasibility and environmental sustainability. The model will help investigating and designing an appropriate transport policy package for freight, such as pricing and investment. Economic analysis of different sustainable transport policy options and the associated costs with the respective alternatives are expected findings of the project. The conclusions will help the Taiwan area to become more sustainable while at the same time improving the overall efficiency and competitiveness.