标题: 变动订购期间定期盘存模式之研究
Periodic Review Inventory Models with Stochastic Times between Orders
作者: 姜齐
CHIANG CHI
国立交通大学管理科学系(所)
关键字: 供应链;存货模式;定期盘存;动态规划;Supply chain;Inventory model;Periodic review;Dynamic programming
公开日期: 2008
摘要: 许多商品向同一供应商购买时更是如此。但几乎所有定期盘存模式皆假设订购期间为固
定,而实务上订购期间却可能为变动。此现象主要肇因于供应链中之供应不确定,如供
应商拜访下游零售商并补充存货,但或因零售商散布各处、或因供应商处于较有利位
置、或因供应商根本无既定拜访时程,供应商并非固定间隔时间到达。在这些情况下,
零售商之补货周期基本上是变动的。
本计画使用动态规划來处理上述供应链之情境。本计画假设供应商之拜访时程为独
立且同质分配,初步研究结果显示所导出之缺货后补模式为文献上标准之定期盘存问
题,另本计画亦建议一个简易的丧失销货模式。本计画所发展之存货政策易于为业界所
应用。
研究结果显示忽略供应商拜访时程之变动将导致零售商巨大的损失,特别是当需求
变異大或补货时间长时更是如此。因此当供应商拜访时程为变动时,采用本计画所发展
的存货模式就显得非常重要。
Periodic review inventory models are widely used in practice, especially for inventory
systems in which many different items are purchased from the same supplier. However, all
periodic review models have assumed a fixed length of the review periods. In practice, it is
possible that the review periods are of a variable length. Such periodic systems result mainly
from supply uncertainties. For example, the supplier visits the downstream retailers and
replenishes inventories for them, but does not always come in constant intervals. This may be
because retailers are geographically dispersed in the supply chain, the supplier is in a
relatively more powerful position, or the supplier simply does not have a reliable visit
schedule. In such situations, the replenishment cycle length is random in nature.
In this research, we use dynamic programming to model such institutional contexts. We
assume that the supplier’s visit intervals are independently and identically distributed. With a
suitable transformation, the backlogged periodic review model derived becomes a standard
discrete-time model. We also suggest a simple heuristic for the lost-sales problem. The
computation shows that ignoring the variability of the supplier’s visit intervals can incur
extremely large losses, especially if shortage is costly, demand variability is low, and/or the
replenishment lead-time is short.
官方说明文件#: NSC97-2410-H009-030
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/11536/101907
https://www.grb.gov.tw/search/planDetail?id=1662947&docId=285347
显示于类别:Research Plans


文件中的档案:

  1. 972410H009030.PDF

If it is a zip file, please download the file and unzip it, then open index.html in a browser to view the full text content.