中國大陸安全生產標準化制度之績效研究-以大陸某台資光學廠為例

Abstract

近年來國內外對於環境保護與職業安全衛生的持續重視下，建構環境管理系統（ISO 14001）與職業安全衛生管理系統（OHSAS 18001）已是基本趨勢，但是也因為所在國家或區域性的不同，當地政府的要求與政策也隨之不同。 因此，在中國大陸所投資的企業影響更為深遠，同時大陸國家隨經濟快速發展，環保污染與工廠安全問題接踵而來。有鑒於此，當地政府已積極重視企業之環保及安全等議題，而直接影響在當地的台資企業。 本研究主要探討輔以原企業既有ISO 14001為基礎，發展一套有別於OHSAS 18001(職業安全衛生管理系統)與TOSHMS(臺灣職業安全衛生管理系統)之管理系統認證，建構企業安全標準生產化之制度，除符合大陸國家當地政府政策性要求外，同時驗證了企業在建置安全標準生產化後，提升其工廠環安衛管理之績效，有效降低作業人員工作傷害件數與損失工時。 本研究以台資光學廠為例，透過文獻探討、作業安全分析、統計分析等方式，並以冶金等工貿企業安全生產標準化基本規範進行企業自評與驗證。

In the recent years, with increasing concern on environmental protection and occupational health and safety, there is an underlying trend toward the construction of the Environmental Management Systems (ISO 14001) and the Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems (OHSAS 18001). However, government requirements and policies vary in different countries and areas.

Therefore, it has profound influence on Taiwan-funded companies in Mainland China. At the same time, rapid economic development in China leads to problems such as environmental pollution and plant safety. As a result, local government has paid a lot of attention to enterprise’s environmental and safety issues, which therefore directly impacts the Taiwan-funded companies locally.

This study focuses on the development of a system certification that is different from the OHSAS 18001 (Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems) and TOSHMS (Taiwan Occupational Safety and Health Management System) built on the ISO 14001 the enterprise already has and the construction of a system for production safety standards, which not only meet the local policy requirements but will also enhance the Environment Safety Healthy Management performance, reduce number of work-related injuries, and work time lost.

This study is based on a Taiwan-funded optical plant and conducts a self-assessment and verification on the safety standards in metallurgical and other industries through literature review, operation safety analysis, statistical analysis, etc.