空間意象之認知思考現象

Abstract

空間意象是來自於人與空間之互動過程，而意象是人們對於空間的情緒與偏好反應，因此空間意象被認為與空間設計有很大的關聯性，空間設計重視空間對於人所產生之意象，亦追求空間營造所產生之人與空間之間的互動。然而，在設計研究領域中，甚少探討有關人們與空間的互動歷程，對空間意象的認知思考所造成的影響，而從實際生活中可以發現，人們花了很多時間在特定空間中，與空間互動並從事活動，可以見得空間所產生之意象，以及過程中的思考歷程，對於人與空間之互動的重要性。因此，本研究主要欲探討，在空間意象中的認知思考現象，其中人們是如何受空間中的刺激而形成意象，其過往的知識與經驗又如何對空間意象造成影響，影響歷程為何。由於先前意象思考之研究觀點，鮮少站在空間意象為一連續性的感知刺激所建構，因此，本研究目的希望從幾個空間意象之認知思考過程進行分析，依此分析出空間意象之認知思考現象。 本研究方法分為兩個步驟來進行，第一步驟先以訪談的方式，對於具有空間專業知識者以及一般民眾進行空間意象的訪談，以分析出兩類研究對象之認知思考現象；第二步驟再以口語分析實驗的方式，對於其認知思考現象作更細部的討論，最後分析提出兩類研究對象在空間意象之認知思考的共同現象，以及各別之特殊重要現象。本研究結果解析了人與環境之間的互動，不但能對了解人於空間中建構空間意象的認知思考有所幫助，且空間規劃者與設計師若能認知到設計對於他人的影響，對於其本身進行規劃與設計時，可能會因為對空間意象有更多的了解，而更能掌握自身於設計及規劃所欲達成之效果。

Spatial image is constructing from the interactive process between human and space. The image is the human’s emotional response and preference. Thus, spatial image is relative with space design. Space design is attach importance to the image from space stimulus to human response, and also seeks for the interaction between human and space which created by space building. However, in the previous design research, there are fewer studies discussing the effects from spatial image to cognitive thinking in the point of view of interactive process between human and space. Therefore, this paper would like to research what the phenomena of cognitive thinking in the spatial image, how the image constructing from space stimulus to human, what the influence of pass knowledge and experience on spatial image, and what the process of influence. The objective of this research is to get some cognitive thinking phenomena of spatial image from a pool of empirical data. The methodologies and steps in this study were divided into two main parts. Step one used the method of interview to execute the spatial image interview with subjects with professional spatial knowledge and regulars to analyze to get some cognitive thinking phenomena separately. The second step is to discuss the detail using protocol analysis, and get mutual and exceptional cognitive thinking phenomena from these two kinds of subjects. The results are to understand the interaction of human and environment. It is useful not only for people to realize the cognitive thinking in spatial image, but also for space planners and designers to recognize the influence of their design.