标题: | 产品驱动的技术升级与品牌发展:策略模拟分析 Product-Driven Technology Upgrade and the Branding Development: A Simulation |
作者: | 杜英仪 Tu, Ying-yi 袁建中 Yuan, Benjamin J. C. 科技管理研究所 |
关键字: | 品牌发展;OEM-ODM-OPM-OBM模型;新产品开发;情境模拟;标准模组系统;整合性产品系统;Branding Development;OEM-ODM-OPM-OBM Model;Original Product Manufacture (OPM);Simulation;Standard Modular Systems (SMS);Integrated Production Systems (IPS) |
公开日期: | 2015 |
摘要: | OEM-ODM-OBM为大家所熟知的开发中国家产业发展的演进模式,或代工厂商转型至品牌发展的演进路径,但实际观察后进国家的发展显示,代工厂商较容易从OEM升级至ODM,但却很困难转型至OBM阶段。文献指出OBM与ODM为不同的发展路径,企业所需的资源与能耐不同,以及品牌商的反制策略,是造成转换障碍的两大原因。本文则认为忽略新产品开发阶段(OPM)的策略模式选择,也是代工厂商难以成功发展品牌的重要原因,并提出增加“新产品开发阶段”—OPM (Original Product Manufacture),将原本三阶段模式修正为“OEM-ODM-OPM-OBM”的四阶段演进模式,较能厘清代工企业的演进路径。 在OPM策略方面,本文区分为标准模组系统(SMS)、整合性产品系统(IPS)两种新产品开发策略,并根据理论与文献,建构一组包含一家品牌商以及两家技术水准不同的代工厂商,在技术市场、代工市场与产品市场上的策略交互影响模型。透过情境模拟与数值分析,探讨不同的OPM策略情境下,追求短期/长期利益之最佳策略选择,并与实际个案的策略演进进行比较,呈现实际演进路径与最佳路径的差异。 研究结果发现,代工厂商发展品牌的最佳路径是采取IPS的新产品开发策略并以长期利益进行决策,亦即依循OEM-ODM-OPM(IPS)-OBM路径,但往往因为企业资源有限、难以通过转型U谷考验、产品差异化能力不足、侧重短期利益决策模式,或习惯于SMS模式,以致引导代工厂商选择次佳策略路径,亦即在OPM阶段会经历三阶段的策略转换:从短期策略选择转换致SMS情境下的长期策略,再转换至IPS情境下的最佳策略,依循OEM-ODM-OPM(短期-长期SMS-IPS)-OBM的演进路径,逐渐调整至长期最佳策略下的产品定位与资源配置,这是开发中国家特有的产品驱动之技术升级与品牌发展过程。 This paper addresses an important but normally ignored capability development, the stage of original product manufacturing (OPM) in the stage of upgrading technology from ODM to OBM. We propose a four-stage "OEM-ODM-OPM-OBM" evolution model of technology upgrading and brand development. It explains the development strategies and patterns by technological firms in developing economies for developing their brands. The reason why many firms may fail in branding or err in long term strategy before they arrive at the OBM stage is because they ignore the selection of strategic patterns in the developmental phase of a new product. This acts as a barrier between ODM and OBM in the previously identified three-stage model of “OEM-ODM-OBM”. This study constructs a model consisting of one brand-owning firm and two contract manufacturers with different technological levels in order to illuminate interactive effects at the technology market, contract manufacturing market, and product market levels. Scenario-based simulation and numerical analysis are employed in combination with this model to explore contract manufacturers' long-term optimal brand development strategies in lieu of brand-owning firms' countermeasures. We find contract manufacturers would adopt their optimal brand development strategies to move toward long-term brand development strategies through changing strategies in three turning points. |
URI: | http://140.113.39.130/cdrfb3/record/nctu/#GT079435802 http://hdl.handle.net/11536/126228 |
显示于类别: | Thesis |