标题: | 运用建筑资讯模型为基础之室内定位与维修系统-以室内停车场为例 An Indoor Positioning and Maintaining System Based on the Building Information Modeling - A Case Study of Indoor Parking Garage |
作者: | 王 秀 文 Hsiu -Wen Wang 罗济群 刘敦仁 Lo, Chi-Chun Liu, Duen-Ren 资讯管理研究所 |
关键字: | 室内定位;建筑资讯模型;标准资料交换格式;异质无线网路整合;即时坑洞侦测;Indoor Positioning;Building Information Modeling;Industry Foundation Classes;Integrating Heterogeneous Wireless Network;Real-Time Pothole Detection |
公开日期: | 2015 |
摘要: | 近年来,由于建筑资讯模型(Building Information Modeling, BIM)的崛起以及行动通讯的盛行与普及,室内定位系统的服务与维修特别受到重视。然而室内定位因为建筑与结构的环境限制,面临重大挑战。为了因应此问题,本研究旨在建构一个创新且完整的室内定位与维修系统,所提出的系统运用是以建筑资讯模型为基础的无线网络布置(BIM based Access Point Deployment, BAPD),来进行室内定位与坑洞侦测。以工业基础分类(Industry Foundation Classes, IFC)的文件作为输入及输出来建构一新标准资料交换格式演算法IFA,在室内定位,BAPD可以利用最少的无线网路布点(IEEE 802.11),提供最完整的信号覆盖,并将搜集到的信号强度、传送时间和传输距离均列入定位考量依据。 此外,在建筑楼面维护的部分,针对坑洞侦测提出建议方案,该方法首先透过行动通讯数据分析,找到潜在的坑洞,再利用空间内插法来识别坑洞的确切位置。在实作的过程中,并使用扩增实境(Augmented-Reality)技术开发系统,提供有效并且有用的系统运用。研究结果显示IFA 整体正确率达94.96%,BAPD有效降低布点点数达29.27%,室内定位整合异质网路可将误差从15.89公尺降低至79公分,且即时坑洞侦测之误判率为零,最后,运用扩增实境能够有效指引使用者最近的停车位并标示方向与距离。 For the past few years, indoor positioning and maintaining has been drawn much attention. However, because of environmental limitation and building structure, it is still a challenging problem. To address this problem, in this thesis, we propose a state-of-the-art indoor positioning and maintaining system. The proposed system supports a Building Information Modeling (BIM) based Access Point Deployment (BAPD), indoor positioning and pothole detection. By using the BIM/Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) file as input/output to form a new algorithm IFA, the BAPD can identify the minimal set of access points (IEEE 802.11) while still providing full signal coverage. As to indoor positioning, signals of both cellular networks (4G/3G) and local area networks (IEEE 802.11) are examined. Signal strength, time serial, and transmission characteristic are taken into consideration for positioning. Also, for maintaining building floors, a pothole detection method is suggested. This method first finds potential potholes by analyzing mobile sensor data. It then tries to identify the exact location of the potholes by using the spatial interpolation algorithm. In practice, the augmented-reality technology is used to develop the system. Simulation results indicate the proposed system is both effective and efficient. The results show that IFA overall accuracy rate is 94.96%, BAPD effectively reduces the distribution access points down to 29.27%, the integration of indoor positioning with heterogeneous network may be reduced the tolerance of positioning from 15.89 meters to 79 centimeters, and the error rate of the real-time pothole detection is zero. Finally, the use of augmented reality could effectively direct the user go to the nearest parking space and mark the direction and distance. |
URI: | http://140.113.39.130/cdrfb3/record/nctu/#GT079534813 http://hdl.handle.net/11536/127187 |
显示于类别: | Thesis |