科技廠房挑高樓層模板支撐工法之探討

Abstract

為探討科技廠房對結構體挑高施工，本研究應用文獻探討、專家訪談、AHP專家問卷分析，探討各種工法運用於不同科技廠房之成效，透過分析與比較歸納出在安全無虞的情況，依不同需求可考慮採用不同的工法，以期達到最符合經濟效益的成果。問卷對象以科技廠房施工人員為主，有效問卷份數為16份。本研究歸納結論。包括：在科技廠房挑高區模板支撐工法對品質、安全、成本、進度、風險專家評估指標架構部分，在品質構面評估指標包括(1).混凝土完成面平整度；(2).樑底平整度需求；(3).支撐區域人行動線；(4).支撐區剩餘物料的整理便利性；(5).支撐區採光及照明度問題。在安全構面部分其評估指標包括(1).整體施工安全；(2).組搭與拆除人員的安全性；(3).支撐檢查便利性；(4).混凝土澆置安全；(5).考慮回撐問題；(6).考慮沉陷及變形量問題。成本構面評估指標包括(1).組立與拆除人員的成本；(2).材料購置或租賃機具成本；(3).人員、施工機具及材料等成本；(4).拆模時間的不同及模板轉用計畫；(5).拆模時間的不同及支撐轉用計畫。進度構面指標包括(1).施工進度；(2).拆除進度；(3).同時考量施工及拆除進度；(4).不同部位拆模時間的優先順序不同。風險構面評估指標包括(1).天候及環境條件影響等風險；(2).施工過程之靜、活載重等風險；(3).整體模板支撐的穩定性評估；(4).地坪高底不平施作模板支撐的風險；(5).支撐檢查便利性與可靠性。其次在各工法構面權重之比較部分，重型支撐工法、複合式支撐工法、鋼樑式支撐工法對於成本相當重視，而鋼管支撐工法、排架支撐工法對於安全相當重視，而品質則是公認權重順位較低者。另外值得注意的是鋼管支撐工法、排架支撐工法對於成本較不重視但反而重型支撐工法、複合式支撐工法、鋼樑式支撐工法是相當重視的。本研究之具體貢獻則是透過層級決策方法，可將科技廠房挑高樓層模板支撐工法其評估準則選取問題結構化，能從各準則的偏好順序，判定出應用上的關鍵評估準則，並可提供科技廠房施工相關人員作為有效運用挑高樓層模板支撐工法重要參考依據，以有效提升施工績效。

To explore the ceiling construction of the high-tech factory structure, this study will analysis with literature review, expert interviews, AHP expert questionnaire to explore the effectiveness of various construction methods used in the different high-tech factory through the analysis and comparison of summed up the situation in a safe and secure, according to consider the different needs of different construction methods, in order to achieve the most cost-effective results. Questionnaire object is high-tech factory construction personals, valid questionnaires is . After this study, the survey found that summed up the conclusions. including: 1 The evaluation criteria for formwork in scaffold support construction method in high-tech factory ,The quality assessment indicators, including 1. Concrete complete surface roughness; 2. beam bottom flatness demand; 3. support regional personnel action line; 4 finishing convenience surplus material support region; 5. lighting and lighting of the support zones. The safety assessment indicators, including1. The overall construction safety; .2 take the safety of personnel and removal; 3. support Check convenience; 4. Coagulation Pouring security; 5. consider issues such as back support; 6. consider subsidence and deformation of the problem. The cost assessment indicators, including 1. assembling and dismantling costs of personnel 2. Material purchase or lease equipment costs; 3. personnel, construction equipment and materials and other costs; 4. different and template removal time diversion program; 5. Different and support removal time diversion plan. The schedule assessment indicators, including 1. The construction schedule; 2. demolition schedule; 3. also consider the construction and demolition schedule; 4. different priorities in different parts of the removal time. The riskassessment indicators, including 1.weather and environmental risks 2. Static construction process, the live load of risk; 3. overall stability assessment template support; 4. floor high end injustice Oxfam template support risk; 5. Check the convenience and reliability of support 2.Compare the weights of the dimensions for each constructions, heavy support engineering methods, composite supporting construction method, steel beam construction method for cost-type support very seriously, and pipe support engineering methods, bent supporting engineering methods for security very seriously, and quality is recognized as the lower overall weight. Also worth noting is the steel support construction method, bay supporting construction method less emphasis on heavy support for the cost of labor law but instead, composite construction method support, support steel beam type construction method is fairly valued. The contribution is through AHP method can support high-ceilinged floor with the evaluation criteria of selection structural problems, from the order of preference for each criterion, it is determined that the key evaluation criteria applied, and provide scientific and technological personnel as effective plant construction the use of high-ceilinged floor template support important reference work method to effectively improve construction performance.