資訊系統災害復原場址之評估、選擇與改善

Abstract

現代組織運作對資訊系統的仰賴程度日益加深，維持資訊系統的穩定可用已經是組織營運上的重要因素，因此當組織面臨自然或人為災害時，確保資訊系統可快速進行災害復原，已是現代組織持續營運的重要機制。故此，如何有效評估與選擇一適當的資訊系統災害復原場址，成為許多組織重要的決策議題。然而，資訊系統災害復原場址的選擇，同時須考量資訊建置成本、災害風險、關鍵業務、復原時間、復原地點等問題，場址評估之複雜性不言可喻。 儘管資訊系統災害復原議題，日益受到資訊與災害領域研究者重視。然而，過去研究並未針對如何選擇與評估適當的資訊系統災害復原場址，進行系統性分析，因此，本研究旨在探討影響災害復原場址評估之關鍵要素，並建構一個資訊系統災害復原場址之評估、選擇與改善之定量分析架構。 本研究將針對前述研究缺口，建構一混合式多準則決策模式(Hybrid MCDM model)，即結合決策實驗室分析法(DEMATEL)、實驗室決策網路程序分析法(DNP)和最佳化妥協解法(VIKOR)，取得各構面及評估準則間之相互影響關係、影響權重和理想值之差距，建構適用於一般資訊系統災害復原場址之評估準則。進而並將準則實證於一台灣研究機構，進行巨量資料災害復原場址之評估、選擇與改善。本架構可用於以進行一般資訊系統災害復原場址之評估，並可根據評估準則最大之差距為優先改善，建構災害復原場址績效的改善策略。

Disaster Recovery sites are an important mechanism in continuous information system operations. Such mechanisms can sustain IT availability and ensure business continuity during natural or human-made disasters. How to evaluate, select and improve an appropriate information system DR has become high priority for many organizations. Concerning the cost and risk aspects, the information system DR site selection problems are multi-criterion decision making (MCDM) problems in nature. For such problems, the decision aspects include the critical business assessment, service recovery time requirements, site location, and more. The importance and complexities of information system DR sites increases with advances in IT and the categories of possible disasters. However, very few researchers tried to study related issues during past years based on the authors’ extremely limited knowledge. Thus, this paper aims to define a quantitative analytic framework for evaluating, selecting DR sites in general, and the DR sites in the Big Data era in special. A hybrid MCDM framework consisting of the Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL), DEMATEL-based network process (DNP) and VIšekriterijumsko KOmpromisno Rangiranje (VIKOR) will be proposed to construct the complex influence relations between aspects as well as criteria and further, derive weight associated with each aspect and criteria. Further, we use an empirical study on evaluating, selecting, and improving three DR sites belonging to a real Taiwanese research institute Big Data applications to illustrate the feasibility of the proposed framework. Our proposed analytic framework can be used for evaluating and selecting the most suitable information system DR sites. Furthermore, the analytic results can serve as a foundation for information technology (IT) managers’ strategies to reduce the performance gaps of a DR site’ performance.