物聯網技術應用於智慧物流關鍵成功因素之研究

Abstract

中文摘要 物聯網(Internet of Things；IoT)係指透過在物體上植入各種微型感應晶片等感測技術或感知器使其智慧化，再藉助無線網路連結上網，使物體的資訊得以透過網路分享，實現「人與物」、「人與人」及「物與物」之間的對話與資訊交流，使得現實生活中各種智慧物件(Smart Object)之間能夠相互溝通，促進多元化的應用發展。 時間為物流管理營運績效之核心，其資訊系統須具備機動性、即時性與管理便利性。企業希望產品能被快速地配送，對於全球貨物追蹤系統及供應鏈管理系統有強烈的需求，使得企業必須有更強的資訊科技化能力。物聯網智慧採集、傳輸與處理等技術，使物流效率迅速提高，成本明顯降低，最終將實現運籌帷幄的智慧物流管理。 本研究基於上述的研究背景與動機，透過國內外物聯網產業及智慧物流之報告蒐集與文獻整理、專家訪談、次級資料整理，決定關鍵成功因素之評估因素為五大構面因素及21項評估指標，採用層級分析法(AHP)以建構物聯網技術應用於智慧物流之關鍵成功因素，問卷調查受訪對象為各企業的協理級以上之高階主管、資訊管理(MIS)高階主管及從事物聯網相關產業高階主管，整合研究發現提供企業未來在智慧物流發展之參考依據。 歸納研究發現，物聯網技術應用於智慧物流關鍵成功因素，最重要的構面為技術服務，重要的關鍵指標分別為資訊收集能力、無線通訊能力、降低營運成本、產生有效的市場資訊從而開發出更多商品、確保資料的完整性、資訊必須具保密性、貨況追蹤系統、提供e化物流服務及企業高階主管推動的決心；期待透過物聯網技術蒐集有用的巨量資料，然後對這些大數據分析後產生有效的資訊，從而開發更多的商品或服務，提升企業營運績效。

關鍵詞：物聯網、智慧物流、關鍵成功因素、層級分析法

Abstract IOT (Internet of Things; IoT) refers to the sensing technologies by objects implanted variety of micro-sensors or makes sensors smarted via the wireless network linking to the Internet, so that the information of the objects can be shared with by the Internet which achieves dialogue and information communicated from "People and Things" , "People and People" and "Things and Things" . It makes various things (Smart Objects) could be able to communicate between each other in such real-life and promote the development of diversified applications. Time is the core of logistic operation performance, so its information systems must have features of the flexibility, immediacy and ease of management. Enterprises want their products to be delivered to customer fast which have strong demands on the global cargo tracking system and the management system of supply chains. That makes companies needed to have a stronger IT capabilities. With smart collections, transmissions and processing of IOT which raises up the logistic efficiency and significantly reduces the cost. Eventually it shows up the devised strategies of smarted logistics management Based on the above background and motivation of research, .this paper constructs “Critical Success Factors” of IOT technology on the smart logistics. Assessment factors of critical success factors are five facets factors and 21 assessment indicators which are set up after paper collections and documentations of world wild IOT industry and smart logistics, plus experts’ interviewing. Those experts are executives more of the associate level in companies, high level managers of information management(MIS) and high level managers of industries related to IOT. This paper analyze the critical success factors of IOT technology on the smart logistics by secondary data collation, expert interviews and analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The most important facet is technical service and major key indicators are capabilities of information gathering, wireless communications, operation cost reduction, more new products developed by effective marketing information generated, ensuring data integrity and confidentiality, cargo tracking system, providing e-logistics services and determination to promote from corporate executives. We expect more products or service generated by useful information from big data analyzed which are gathered by IOT technology to improve the cooperation performance. Keywords: Internet of Things ( IoT) , Smart logistics, Critical success factors, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)