協同執行 BIM 專案風險因子的研究

Abstract

為探討工程生命週期上不同角色間以BIM合作可能會遭遇到的風險，本研究經由文獻回顧及專家訪談整理出各角色間以BIM合作之四大風險構面及十七項風險因子，以問卷調查方式收集業界看法，並將問卷結果以層級分析法(AHP)進行分析，透過全體參與者與不同角色兩種分析模式評估風險，並將結果與過去研究進行比較。 結果顯示，全體參與者模式之下，「契約規範」構面為關鍵風險構面，接著將風險因子以累積權重達七成的篩選條件進行篩選，求得八項關鍵風險因子，依序為「契約BIM作業規範不明確」、「驗收標準不一」、「協同作業廠商能力不足」、「整合性人才培養不易」、「BIM技術服務廠商選擇困難」、「工作與管理模式改變」、「風險權責問題」與「上級主管支持度不足」，其中「協同作業廠商能力不足」、「BIM技術服務廠商選擇困難」與「風險權責問題」屬於外部風險因子(協同作業相關風險因子)，其餘為內部風險因子。 此外，將研究結果與過往文獻比較討論，發現有三項風險為持續存在，分別是契約、人才與上級支持度問題。本研究並有對上述關鍵風險因子提出建議，望能幫助推動各角色間以BIM協同合作，降低其風險。

The purpose of this study is to explore the risk of cooperation when using BIM among different parties of AEC industry. This study identified seventeen risk factors, which can be classified into four facets, among different parties during the cooperation of the BIM project. By using questionnaires and AHP method, two kinds of analysis model, including “all participants” and “different parties of AEC industry”, was conducted to assess the risks. Through the analysis of the questionnaire, in “all participants” module, the key risk facet is “contract specification”. According to the cumulative weight percentage, which meet the criteria 70%, this study separates eight key risk factors, which are “BIM contract incomplete”, “different acceptance of BIM model”, “collaboration partner’s insufficient ability”, “the difficulty of training people”, “the difficulty of choosing BIM service provider”, “the change of operating procedures”, “Risk of responsibility” and “higher level does not support”. In eight key risk factors, which are mentioned above, three of them are external factors (collaboration risk factor) - “collaboration partner’s insufficient ability”, “the difficulty of choosing BIM service provider” and “Risk of responsibility”, the rest are internal factors. Furthermore, by comparing the results with references, this study finds out there are three risk factors persist (means mentioned by the literatures), which are “contract issues”, “insufficient of trained people” and “higher level does not support”. This research provides some suggestions for the key risk factors to improve the cooperation of different parties of AEC Industry.