油煙靜電集塵器之測試研究

Abstract

由於台灣地狹人稠，所以餐飲業多集中於人口稠密的住宅與商業區，其產生油煙廢氣若未能有效處理而直接排放，將會對附近居民的健康造成潛在的危害。靜電集塵設備常被餐飲業選為廚房排放油煙管末處理設備，然目前販售靜電集塵設備之廠商，雖有提供機型所適用的風量，但對於該風量下的收集效率以及可以使用的操作時間並無明確描述。 因此本實驗建立了一套靜電集塵器的測試系統，對某廠牌靜電集塵器進行測試，其額定風量為1000 CFM( 28.28 CMM)。本研究使用沙拉油產生油煙微粒，測試靜電集塵器在不同風量下(4 CMM~30.75CMM)及不同操作時間下的PM2.5收集效率、壓損及臭氧副產物濃度。 實驗結果顯示，當風量為4 CMM上升至30.75 CMM時，油煙微粒的質量中間氣動直徑(MMAD, mass median aerodynamic daimeter)由0.44 µm降至0.2µm，PM2.5的收集效率由96.3 %降為43.9 %，此結果顯示收集效率隨著風量上升而下降，並且與該廠商聲稱的適用風量範圍有很大的落差。長時間的收集效率測試方面，本研究於入口產生高濃度的油煙微粒，在風量10 CMM下，總微粒質量濃度為1609.3 µg/m3(MMAD為0.5 µm)，累積使用118小時後之總負載微粒重量為 85.35克，PM2.5的收集效率由91%降至61%。本論文的結果可供使用及保養靜電油煙機的參考。

In Taiwan, residents in catering-concentrated area suffer from the hazard due to cooking oil fume emission without a proper treatment. Electrostatic precipitator is commonly selected as the control device for the emitted cooking fume. Although manufacture provides the operational flow rate of a certain electrostatic precipitator device type, the information for its collection efficiency and operation time are usually unknown. In this study, an experimental setup was used to test the particle collection efficiency and service life time for a selected type of electrostatic precipitator whose flow rate is 1000 CFM( 28.28 CMM). The experiment was conducted using soy bean oil as the oil fume source to determine the particle collection efficiency, pressure drop and ozone concentration at different flow rates and differenet operation hours. The test results showed that the mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) was decreased from 0.44 µm to 0.2 µm with the decreasing flow rate from 4 CMM to 30.75 CMM, respectively, as the collection efficiency of PM2.5 was reduced from 96.3% to 43.9%, respectively, indicating a remarkable difference from the manufacture claimed operational flow rate. For the long-term collection efficiency test at the total particle mass concentration of 1609.3 µg/m3 (MMAD 0.5 µm) for 118 hours, the total loaded particle mass was 85.35 gram, the PM2.5 collection efficiency was found to decrease from 91% to 61%. These results are useful to the operation and maintainance of ESPs for controlling cooling oil fume.