以方法目的鏈探討後疫情時代供應商評選條件

Abstract

企業追求的永續發展目標為穩定成長,並且提供高品質的產品與服務以保持優勢,故其中供應鏈管理是最重要的課題。傳統供應鏈廠商評選條件多為重視價格、品質、服務、交期等。然而在中美貿易戰、新冠肺炎病毒等國際變動環境下,加上歐盟減碳關稅宣告,使得企業勢必改變現有的供應鏈評選機制。得益於強大的研發設計能力與提供品質精良的代工製造服務,使台灣在全球的電子產業供應鏈中扮演舉足輕重的角色。本研究透過深度訪談十位專業電子業界人士,以方法目的鏈分析國際變動局勢對企業在供應鏈評選條件上變化與其應對之道,研究結果不僅提供企業界管理實務上的參考,也將開啟未來相關研究的討論。傳統供應商評選時,會特別重視成本分析、穩定交期、品質與問題回應速度等;而本研究發現在後疫情時代最重要的評選條件為材料的穩定交貨,企業與供應商之間的關係等都是主要關鍵。在中美貿易戰中,將廠址從中國轉移到其他海外地區以及選擇零件製造地,以避免被抽高關稅變得非常重要。客戶的信任源自於企業做好良好管理以達穩定成長。在變動的環境下,企業需要靈活地採取行動以滿足客戶的需求,成為品質和效率的供應鏈合作夥伴。環境永續策略如減少碳排放,需要大型企業帶動中小企業,以擴展到整個供應鏈,且同步有利於提升企業的知名度。

Steady growth is the target of enterprise to pursue. Provide the high quality product and service are the root for achieving sustainable growth, so the supplier chain management is an important task for enterprise. In the past, the major 4 evaluation points for supplier chain are price, quality, service and lead time. But in fact, price is the key decision point among four of them. Nowadays, Sino-US Trade War, COVID-19 and European Commission presented its proposal for a regulation establishing a Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism, CBAM in 2021, those issues are affecting enterprises need to have new point of view for supplier selection standard. Taiwan is famous in electronics industry globally with leading research and design technology plus good quality contract manufacturer. This research is based on in-depth interview with 10 professional industry insiders in electronics industry. By analyzing the comments with means end chain model, this research aims to provide a reference for enterprise to conquer the difficulties of managing the suppliers and the solution of new green policy regulation under the changing environment. Enterprise will pay more attention on price analysis, steady lead time, quality, technical skill and the feedback on handling the issues when talking about supplier evaluation. The most important criterion under post-epidemic era for supplier evaluation is material steady lead time. The partnership between vendor and customer are the key to get material now to maintain the steady growth of enterprise. The cooperation for moving the plant site from China to overseas and also choosing the components to fulfill the trade policy are important during Sino-US Trade War. The trust from customer is contributed from the good management of enterprise with sustained growth. But under changing environment, the enterprise need to be flexible to take actions to fulfill customer’s demands to become the quality and efficiency supplier chain partner. For future environmental sustainability policy such as carbon emission reduction, the large scale enterprise need to lead small and medium-sized enterprises to expand to the entire supply chain. Even more, it will enhance the reputation for the enterprises.