數位式脈波寬度調變控制電壓轉換電路

Abstract

本論文研製一個以可規劃邏輯閘陣列(FPGA)為基礎之全數位控制脈波寬度調變控制電壓轉換電路，針對數位式脈波寬度調變控制電壓轉換器建立其數學等效模型，並探討電路特性、脈寬調變控制方式、與實現方法。控制架構以PID控制器之原理為設計基礎，包含比例控制器、積分控制器及微分控制器設計，以增加低頻增益及相位邊限，改善系統閉迴路的相對穩定度，使暫態響應較快，減少穩態誤差。模擬平台本文採用ModelSim及MATLAB/Simulink軟體工具進行系統整合模擬，驗證其功能正確性。在實驗方面，使用設計FPGA/CPLD 或嵌入式系統的Xilinx ISE 發展軟體及為希科技公司所推出的系統發展實驗板（ULINX_MB_XC3S250E_PQ208_V20A），利用硬體描述語言(Verilog)來完成數位電路系統之設計，並透過Buck 電壓轉換器之系統電路驗證所設計數位控制器之功能與性能。

The purpose of this thesis is to study and produce a full digitally controlled PWM for DC-DC converting circuit based on FPGA.This thesis is aimed at building a mathematically effective module equal to a Digitally Controlled PWM for DC-DC Converter; therefore, to explore the circuit quality, the pulse-width modulating fashion, and the way of realizing the converter. The controlling structure is based on the PID controller as its designing model, including the designing of the proportional controller, the integral controller, and the derivative controller, to enhance low frequency gain and phase margin, and to upgrade the relative stability at close loop system circuit, in order to expedite the transient response and minimize Steady state error. Simulating platform takes the ModelSim/Simlink software to simulate system integration to examine its function correctness. At the experiment, either FPGA/CPLD or inserting style system Xilinx ISE development software and ULINX_MB_XC3S250E_PQ208_V20A has been used, by the system circuit of the Buck voltage converter, to examine the function and quality of the designed digital controller.