開關電容電路於65奈米電源管理整合晶片

Abstract

近年來，先進技術為有效地減少晶片的功耗而降低輸入供應電壓。特別是系統單晶片(SoC)內包含了多個低電源電壓的數位和類比的方塊。不過，低電源電壓須由較高的電源電壓經直流/直流降壓轉換器轉換而來。如此一來，轉換效率可能因較大的轉換損失而下降。那是因為直流/直流降壓轉換器在轉換過程中消耗許多能量。主要的原因是在不同的電壓之間電源轉換無效率的設計。此論文中，利用開關電容電路的實現將高電位的電源電壓轉換輸出適合直流/直流降壓轉換器控制單元的低電源電壓。由於有效率的電源轉換，控制器的功率耗損被有效地降低。在有效率的電源轉換之後，提供了1.2V的低電源電壓給控制器。控制器的功耗被減到最小，控制器的靜態電流也比傳統設計的小。此外，具低電源電壓控制器的直流/直流降壓轉換器的性能因較低的閉迴路增益而惡化。一個新提出的誤差放大器在1.2V的供應電壓可增加低頻增益至大約80dB。換句話說，線調節度和負載調節度的性能可以被提升符合無線應用的規格。模擬結果證明顯示設計的正確性和性能。在論文中，直流/直流降壓轉換器提供輸出1.8V和1.2V穩定電壓，無須輸入高供應電壓給控制器的需求。

In recent years, the advanced technology continues to decrease the input supply voltage for effectively reducing the power consumption of the chip. Especially, the concept of system-on-chip (Soc) includes multiple digital and analog blocks under low input supplying voltage. However, the low input supplying voltage is converted from a high supplying voltage by the buck DC-DC converter. Thus, the conversion efficiency may be deteriorated due to the large leakage of conversion. That is the buck DC-DC converter consumes much energy in the conversion process. The major reason is that the inefficient design of power conversion between different voltages. In this thesis, switched-capacitor circuits are utilized to convert the high supplying voltage to a regulated output voltage for controlling the controller of the buck DC-DC converter. Owing to the efficient conversion, the power dissipation in the controller can be effectively reduced. After the efficient conversion, the controller is supplied by a low supplying voltage, which is 1.2V. The power consumption of the controller is minimized and the quiescent current of the controller is smaller than that of the conventional designs. Furthermore, the performance of the buck DC-DC converter with low-supplying controller is deteriorated by the low closed-loop gain. A new error amplifier is proposed to increase the low-frequency gain to about 80dB under the supplying voltage 1.2V. In other words, the performance of line and load regulations can be raised to meet to the specifications of the wireless applications. Simulation results demonstrate the correctness and performance of the designs. In the thesis, the DC-DC converter provides two regulated voltages 1.8V and 1.2V without the demand of high input supplying voltage in the controller.