突現行為之研究：人工社會中公利與私益之衝突

Abstract

本論文探討人工社會當中，因為公利與私益之間的衝突，所造成的困局。我們利用『囚犯困境』此數學模型，作為研究的基礎模型。本論文提出一套分析架構，根據人工社會當中代理人之間的互動模式，來分析兩個以上的代理人之間的關係。此分析架構可以呈現一策略集合當中，所有策略之間的關係。此關係包含策略侵佔其他策略的能力，以及同種策略之間形成聚集的強度。以此分析架構以及另一例子說明，我們提出在研究方法上，於模型的模擬及執行之前，進行模型分析的重要性。本論文更進一步探討人工社會當中，環境因素對代理人行為以及策略運用的影響。

The author reports on his investigation of the conflict between public good and private interest in artificial societies, using the classical model known as the Prisoner’s Dilemma. The proposed analytical framework can be used to analyze relationships between and among agents in an artificial society based on their interaction patterns. Framework success relies on (and emphasizes the importance of) a model analysis being performed prior to any simulation or execution of an agent-based computation. A secondary issue discussed in this report is the effect of environment on agent actions. The results indicate that agents benefit greatly from acknowledging environmental factors when determining subsequent moves.