使用於冷陰極燈管之廢汞齊資源化

Abstract

摘 要

國內液晶面板的需求量越來越高，使得背光模組關鍵零組件需求量大增，其中最重要的元件為CCFL（Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp 冷陰極螢光燈管）。傳統的汞滴填充日光燈管所使用之汞為液態汞，容易揮發產生危害，目前冷陰極螢光燈管之製程則使用固體汞齊合金，雖然減少了汞揮發的問題，但產生的廢汞齊如何妥善處理仍是一個重要課題。 本研究以負壓高溫爐設備，進行廢汞齊合金回收再利用之可行性實驗，於負壓環境下操作可避免汞經高溫處理時逸散於環境中，確保操作人員的安全及避免環境的污染。實驗結果發現廢汞齊可回收之汞含量平均濃度為4.398g/㎏，已經超過法規所規定之標準值260mg/kg。廢汞齊合金進行回收時其操作溫度必須達750℃以上及運轉時間必須達六小時以上才能得到較好的回收率。回收後液態汞之純度為99.95％，若再進行多次蒸餾後可使液態汞之純度達99.995％以上。經真空高溫爐處理後之廢汞齊合金含有貴重金屬，若能回收再利用，則整個廢汞齊的回收資源化可達零廢棄物及永續環境之目標。

Abstract The domestic demand of Liquid Crystal Display panel is getting higher. As a result, the demand of the back light module also increases, in which the most important component is CCFL (Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp). Traditionally, the filling of mercury in the fluorescent lamp uses liquid mercury, which evaporates easily creating environmental problems. Currenly, solid amalgam alloy is used in the cold cathode fluorescence lamp, it reduces the mercury volatility problems. However, how to deal with the waste amalgam is an important issue which remains to be resolved. This research conducted the feasibility study of using a low-pressure, high-temperature furnace to recycle waste amalgam alloy. Low pressure environment avoids emission of mercury vapor during recycling, which ensures safety of personnel and avoids environmental pollution. The experimental results reveal that the average content of the waste amalgam alloy reaches 4.398g/㎏, which is higher than the regulated value of 260mg/kg. The operating temperature must reach up to at least 750℃ and the operating time must take more than six hours to ensure good recovery efficiency. After recycling, the purity of the liquid mercury is 99.95%, which can be further purified to be greater than 99.995 % after multiple distillations. After recycling by the low-pressure furnace, the amalgam alloy contains noble metals. If these metals can be recovered and re-utilized, then the whole recycling process can meet the goal of zero waste and sustainable environment.