機電工程監造人員任務之探討

Abstract

由於國內重大公共工程在建築工程興建上之規模、性質內容、施工要求、投資金額各方面日趨複雜龐大及對於工地現況施工人員安全衛生加強管理、加上施工工期較以往更為緊迫，使營建工程管理更顯困難。機電系統在建築工程中擔負著建築本體之中樞，類似人體之血液、傳輸、神經及消化等各類系統，提供居住者傳輸、流通、舒適及安全之居住環境，在建築工程中扮演著舉足輕重之角色。 近年來機電系統以安全為考量及使用功能性，具有工程造價日益擴增、各類設備界面複雜、分標數多、決策快、變更設計頻繁、人力資源數量大及施工時程緊迫等特點，如何落實執行國內公共工程三級品管制度，攸關公共工程品質至鉅。 其中監造單位屬第二層級，係負責品質保證之工作，對於監造之法令及規範與標準往往著重於土建工程，使得機電工程於建築類型中趨於土建工程之附屬工程，常因經費考量或為駐地或為兼任，造成機電監造人力不足及歷練參差不齊，故本研究蒐集整理機電監造實務經驗資料，並經相關專家訪談比對，研析於施工階段機電監造人員對於品質管理、進度掌控、成本管理、安全衛生督導等各階段重要作業程序，以供參考，使施工管理工作能順利圓滿達成任務，並可作為未來進一步研究之依據。

In Taiwan, due to the complexity of the scales, attributes, requirements and amount of investment of large public infrastructure projects, enhanced management on security and hygiene of the workers in the construction site, and pressing construction schedules, construction management is a difficult task. Mechanical and electrical system in engineering is the core of buildings, like blood, neural, and digestive systems in human body. It supports an environment of transmission, circulation, comfort and security for residents, thus, is critical in engineering. In recent years, the mechanical and electrical system has the characteristics such as security-oriented, utility, increase of construction costs, complicated interfaces of equipment, increase of the number of tenders, quick decision making, changeable design, more human resources, and urgent construction period. The implementation of three-level quality control system of public construction in Taiwan is significant for the construction quality. Inspection unit is at the second level and it is responsible for quality control. Laws, regulations and standards of inspection are usually based on construction. Thus, among the types of architecture, mechanical and electrical engineering tends to be the subordinate construction. Due to concerns of funds, mechanical and electrical inspectors only work on a part-time basis; thus, shortage of manpower and experience is a common problem. This study reviewed the practical experiences of mechanical and electrical inspectors, interviewed and compared the experts, and probed into quality management, progress control, cost management and security and hygiene supervision for mechanical and electrical inspector in the construction, in order to ensure smooth construction management. The findings of this study can serve as references for future studies.

Keywords: mechanical and electrical inspection, quality business, progress control, cost management, security and hygiene supervision.