產業變遷與大學課程之發展及趨勢

Abstract

本研究旨在探討面對全球化的衝擊、新自由主義的出現以及知識經濟的影響，全球之社會與各國之產業、經濟型態皆有所改變下，大學與大學課程如何因應此番變革。綜合研究動機，本研究之目的有六：（一）探討大學之發展及其演變；（二）探討產業發展之歷史脈絡及其變遷；（三）探究大學面對產業變遷之回應；（四）瞭解大學課程之發展與趨勢；（五）析探臺灣產業之發展；（六）探究臺灣之產業變遷及大學課程之發展與趨勢。研究方法係以文獻分析法、歷史研究與比較研究法為主。 第二章為瞭解大學之發展歷史與產業發展及其變遷，第三章則進一步分析大學如何因應經濟型態轉變與產業變遷，其次探討大學課程內部隨產業變遷而有所變革之部分。第四章與第五章則針對臺灣之產業發展及其變遷，並探究大學課程之發展及趨勢與產業變遷之關係，第六章則根據前述研究結果與發現，提出以下結論： 一、大學之發展與產業變遷息息相關。 二、大學因產業之變遷而進行多項變革。 三、大學之課程隨產業變遷而有所調整。 四、臺灣之大學課程已逐漸轉向重點領域與跨領域之學習，並發展彈性學制。 五、臺灣之大學課程已朝向強調就業力之培養與提升之趨勢。

The research aims to explore the development and transition of the industry facing the rise of neoliberalism, globalization and knowledge-based economony, and how the university and its curriculum have changed accordingly. The purposes of this study includes: (1) To discuss the development and transformation of the university. (2) To understand the history of the industrial development and its transition. (3) To discuss the response to the industry transtion of the university. (4) To understand the development and the trend of university curriculum. (5) To analyze the industry development in Taiwan. (5) To examine industry transition and the trend of university curriculum development in Taiwan. Methods adopted in this research include document analysis, historical research and comparative analysis. Therefore, in chapter two, the research explores d the development and transition of university and industry. In chapter three, the research analyzes the reactions of the university to industry transition, including the curriculum. In chapter four and five, the research focuses on the development and transition of industry in Taiwan as well as the development and the trend of university curriculum. Finally, five conclusions are drawn from the preceding analysis and discussions:

(1) The development of the university is closely related to the transition of industry. (2) Reforms of the university are largely in tune with the industry transition. (3) University curriculum is adjusted to industry transition. (4) University curriculum in Taiwan is turning to focus on priority areas and interdisciplinary learning. Besides, the relevant regulations are made more flexible. (5) University curriculum in Taiwan is moving forward to the trend of developing and promoting employability.