高昇壓光伏能量轉換電路使用FPGA數位控制器之設計與實現

Abstract

本論文目的在發展高效率、高升壓比太陽光電能源轉換系統。首先，為了使太陽光伏電能源轉換系統組裝較有彈性且日後具有擴充能力，並可適用於不同的場合，此型電力轉換器配合太陽能板可構成分散式的發電系統。目前的一般型昇壓型直流/直流轉換器電路架構，昇壓比無法太高，所以本實驗使用高昇壓比直流/直流轉換器來使輸出電壓可以提升比一般昇壓型轉換器來的許多，其電路為綜合昇壓式(boost)和返馳式(flyback)之結合型電力轉換器。電路架構中使用耦合電感技術，只要小的導通責任週期(duty cycle)就可以達到高輸出電壓增益比值。

本文之系統利用PSIM模擬軟體進行分析，作為數位控制系統設計之依據。軟體製作方面採用可規劃邏輯閘陣列 (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA)來當作系統控制核心，利用硬體描述語言VHDL實現高昇壓直流/直流轉換器電壓回授控制晶片的製作。將太陽能板所獲得的直流電壓，由高昇壓比直流/直流轉換器升壓到固定輸出電壓200V，最後實作85W光伏能量轉換系統，提供模擬及實驗結果來驗證所研製太陽光伏能量轉換系統的效率及設計的正確性。

The purpose of this thesis is to develop high efficiency, and high step-up ratio of photovoltaic energy conversion system. First, in order to make solar photovoltaic energy conversion system assembly with a more flexible and future expansion capability , and it's can be applied to different situations. This type power converter with solar panels may constitute divergent type of power system. The current general type boost DC / DC converter circuit topology, step-up ratio can not be too high, so this study, high step-up ratio of DC / DC conversion device to raise the output voltage can be higher than normal boost converter to the many, the circuit is integrated boost converter and flyback converter the combination of power converter. The circuit topology uses coupled-inductor techniques to achieve high output voltage gain ratio with low conduction duty cycle.

In this system, PSIM simulation software to analyze digital control system design as a basis. Software used for a FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) to control as the core of the system. The use of VHDL (VHSIC hardware description language; VHSIC: very-high-speed integrated circuit) hardware description language to achieve high step-up DC / DC converter voltage feedback control for the production of chips. Solar panel output DC voltage from the high step-up ratio of DC / DC converter boost to the fixed output voltage 200V.Finally implement 85W photovoltaic energy conversion system to provide simulation and experimental results to verify efficiency of the developed photovoltaic energy conversion system and correctness of the design procedure of such a digital controller.