複合材料風力葉片之設計與破壞行為研究

Abstract

本文主要探討複合材料風力葉片之設計與破壞行為研究，在此採用複合材料三明治層板設計風力葉片外形，並設計出適當的葉片形狀，使葉片能產生足夠的扭矩來帶動發電機旋轉，再由翼型氣動條件代入葉片元素理論計算葉片受風的荷載，以及發電機與葉片之間的匹配和設計。由若干個實驗進行驗證所預測的葉片模型受風荷載是否合適。在複合材料風力葉片結構設計方面，以ANSYS有限元軟體進行結構分析，並確認風力葉片的複合材料疊層方式及層數位置。在破壞分析上，以1m和2.5m的風力葉片分析破壞過程中，找出破壞位置、破壞模式、首層破壞的荷載，以及葉片極限破壞的荷載。對於 1m的風力葉片分析破壞，其理論和實驗的極限破壞差異荷載小於 17％。而本文設計之2.5m的風力葉片極限破壞風速理論值為131m/s。

This thesis studies the design methodology and failure behavior of composite sandwich wind blades. In the shape design of a composite sandwich wind blade, the appropriate blade shape which can produce sufficient twisting moment to rotate the generator is determined, the airfoil aerodynamic conditions are incorporated into the blade element theory to calculate the wind loads on the blade, and the matching between generator and wind blades are designed. Several tests have been performed to verify the suitability of the adopted models for predicting wind loads on the blade. In the structural design of the composite sandwich wind blade, the finite element code ANSYS is used to perform the structural analysis and determine the lamination arrangement of the blade. In the failure analysis, the progressive failure processes of the 1m and 2.5m long blades are determined to determine the failure locations, failure modes, first-ply failure loads, and collapse loads of the blades. For the 1m long blade, the difference between the theoretical and experimental collapse loads is less than 17%. The theoretical maximum wind speed for the 2.5m long blade is 131m/s.