利用庫存管理遊戲進行不同補貨策略之比較

Abstract

傳統存貨策略在操作上大都以最小化系統總成本為目的，然而庫存管理除了最小化總成本外，也必須努力降低缺貨所造成的損失，此乃TOC限制理論Demand-Pull所提倡的概念。本文首先以不同存貨策略的概念使用Minitab常態隨機數據（25筆，每筆數據52週），利用庫存管理遊戲在需求變動的環境下進行模擬，並收集數據分析，由於存貨策略的績效表現是使用存貨策略各自的操作模式進行模擬，無法明確的指出哪一種存貨策略績效表現為最好；進一步嘗試將各項存貨策略在相同條件的模擬情境下進行分析比較，因此使用相同的期初庫存水準並固定訂購次數，分別比較TOC限制理論Demand Pull補貨策略與傳統存貨策略的平均庫存量、缺貨次數與庫存週轉率，嘗試證明以TOC的 Demand-Pull補貨策略為概念進行存貨管理，努力減少缺貨次數，在各項績效表現上都能比以傳統存貨概念進行管理更加優秀與穩健。

Traditional inventory policies mostly try to minimize the total cost in operation for the purpose, except for minimizing the total cost in operation, it also must strive to reduce the losses caused by shortages in the inventory management, and this is TOC’s Demand-Pull concept advocated. First, we use Minitab normal random data (25 items, 52 weeks per data) with the concept of different inventory strategies to run simulation in a changeable demand environment, and we collect the data after simulation for analysis. Because every inventory strategy uses their mode of operation for simulation, it’s difficult to point out which kind of performance is better. To go a step further, we attempt to put the inventory policies in the same conditions , giving them same level of beginning stocks and fixing order frequency to analyze their performance. Our study tries to prove that using the concept of TOC Demand-Pull replenishment strategy for the inventory management, and aims to reduce the number of out of stock could have a more excellent and stable performance than using the traditional inventory policies.