國際天然氣產業之供需與交易趨勢分析

Abstract

近年來，溫室效應氣體減量已成為全球重要議題，各國紛紛降低化石燃料的使用，並以減低溫室氣體排放為目標，因而導致能源結構的改變以及能源多元化。天然氣屬化石燃料中較清潔之能源，其燃燒效率高、污染排放較少，相較於其他能源，天然氣具有較高之外部效益，因此廣泛使用天然氣，已成為全球各國共同之主要趨勢。 本研究針對天然氣產業發展議題進行研究與評析，對全球性天然氣重要議題及亞洲液化天然氣產業兩大範疇進行研析，即「國際天然氣市場的交易特性與發展趨勢」、「全球天然氣地區市場的生產、供需與貿易狀況」、「國際LNG進口計價方式與進口價格趨勢」等全球性的天然氣產業重要議題以及「亞洲主要國家天然氣上下游產業現況」、「亞洲主要國家天然氣消費結構與發展政策」等亞洲天然氣產業關鍵性議題，另外更針對我國國內刻正推行之「擴大天然氣使用方案」進行探討，並提出發展對策與建議。

Recently, the greenhouse gas reduction has become the globally important issue. Many countries decreased the usage amount of fossil fuels to meet the greenhouse gas reduction goal. This policy changed their energy structure and lead to the energy diversity .Natural gas is a clean energy with high efficiency but low pollution. Compared with other energies, natural gas has more external benefits. Therefore, using natural gas widely is becoming the main trend nowadays. This thesis researches some themes in the natural gas industry. For example, the production, supply, demand and trade of natural gas in the global market; The price formulas and price trends of liquefied natural gas; The consumption structures and development policies of natural gas in Asia main countries, etc. Furthermore, the paper also discusses “The natural gas usage expanding program” which is now being executed in Taiwan, and gives some suggestions to this program for future development.