面板零組件採購量管理系統之建構 -以台灣某TFT-LCD製造業為例

Abstract

TFT-LCD製造業為一高出貨成長以及產品應用度廣的產業，但近年來低價風暴席捲全球，根據工業技術研究院產業經濟與研究中心的研究指出，自2007年以來LCD TV售價每年以三成的幅度下跌，為了在削價競爭的市場上提高公司獲利，負責採買材料的採購人員需精確控管製造產品所需之材料料況，當材料需求未及時提供給供應商並回饋給生產規劃及製造單位，致使生產過程發生斷料，造成生產中斷進而使公司獲利蒙受損失，絕對不是企業所樂見。本研究以某TFT-LCD製造業為例建構零組件採購量管理資訊平台，透過跨系統資訊分享取代傳統採購人員使用單機excel檔案做材料規劃的作業，縮短材料採購量規劃作業時間，同時提高資訊準確度。此外因TFT-LCD產品材料眾多，當高階主管欲檢視整合性缺料報表，過去需等待人工統整，既耗時且因資訊保存在各採購人員個人電腦內整合不易，系統化以後運用資訊集中化概念由本資訊系統自動產生報表以供查詢並定期發送。為使系統具備上述功能，本研究首先訪談公司採購人員，了解材料採購量規劃流程；接著再訪談採購主管，整理出決策階層主管檢視之彙總報表。該系統經過功能開發、功能測試與資料驗證並實際上線後，採購人員原先一週約需耗費一個工作日進行材料採購量規劃，現已降至半小時內完成，主管也可自行登入系統中查詢整合性的料況報表，有效提高了材料掌控度。

TFT-LCD manufacturing industry is one of the industries with high shipment growth and wide product application. However, in recent years, the low-price trend has swept across the world. According to the studies conducted by Industrial Economics & Knowledge Center (IEK) of Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI), since 2007, the selling price of LCD TV has declined with an annual ratio of 30%. Therefore, in order to raise company’s profit from the price war in those markets, the procurement personnel, who are responsible for the procurement of materials, need to precisely control and manage the current status of materials that required for the production. In case of failure to promptly provide the material requirement to suppliers, as well as feedback to the units of production planning and manufacturing, it may lead to the material supply shortage during the process of production, and then caused the production interruption and incurred loss from such incident. Thus, it is an absolutely unacceptable incident for every enterprise. This paper is taking a certain TFT-LCD manufacturer as an example of setting a procurement management information platform for the parts and components. By using the inter-systematic information sharing approach to replace the traditional operation of procurement personnel with using a single PC and excel file to make material requirement planning, it can not only shorten the operating time of material procurement planning, but also can improve the accuracy of information. In addition, since the materials of TFT-LCD products are numerous and varied, thus, in the past, when high-ranking managers wanted to inspect the integrated material shortage report, it needed to wait for the time-consuming manual organization; in addition, since required information was kept in procurement personnel’s PCs, thus it was really difficult to make the integration. However, after completed the systematization and applied the concept of information centralization, the report will be automatically produced from this information system and provided as a reference for further inquiry, as well as periodically dispatched. In order to make this system to be equipped with abovementioned functions, thus, in this paper, the researcher is firstly conducted the interview with procurement personnel of this company to understand the procedures of material procurement planning. Then, the researcher arranged interview with procurement managers in order to organize the summary report on the purpose of inspection for decision-making managers. After underwent the processes of function development, function testing, data validation and practical operation, with using this system, the procurement personnel only need half hour to complete the material procurement planning which may take one work day per a week before. In addition, managers can also logon the system to inquire about the integrated material report by themselves; therefore, this system can more effectively improve the control level of material management