應用資料包絡法評估TFT-LCD量產品之生產績效---以台灣某TFT-LCD廠為例

Abstract

TFT-LCD 工廠所生產之產品眾多，每一支產品的投入資源與產出效益並不同，對工廠而言，所重視的是生產效率，亦即投入越少的成本產出越多的價值，所以投產效率不佳的產品將會提高生產成本，影響工廠生產績效。工廠必須要了解其所生產的產品績效，以找出生產效率不佳的產品，做為檢討解析改善的依據，同時也可做為工廠的生產決策是否應停止績效較差的產品生產，再考量以新產品取而代之或是對產品組合做產能調整，目的是要提高工廠的營運績效與競爭力。本研究利用可處理多項投入與多項產出指標的績效評估方法，資料包絡法（Data Envelopment Analysis，DEA），對TFT-LCD 工廠所生產之量產品做生產效率分析與排序。為達效率評估的公平與客觀性，在指標的權重設定利用共同權重的設限概念，將設限加入資料包絡分析法CCR模式的限制式運算。在效率排序的觀點，屏除共同權重之單一效率的排序法，是以交叉效率排序目的之受評單位（Decision Making Unit, DMU）自我評估效率最大來做為排序方法的基礎，利用共同權重與交叉效率等優勢概念，將各DMA算出各組效率值，以Ranking 得分方式設計排序，使找出TFT-LCD工廠之生產效率不佳之量產品。本研究最後以台灣某TFT-LCD工廠（簡稱A公司）之實際歷史資料驗證了本研究方法確實可有效幫助TFT-LCD工廠作出正確的生產決策。

TFT-LCD manufacturer produces many different kinds of products. The resources each product needs and the production efficiency are all different. For the factory, the most important thing is the “Production Efficiency”, the less cost with higher value. Therefore, the inefficient products will increase the cost and affect the manufacturer performance. A manufacturer should know the product performance and identify the products with poor product efficiency. It can be the basis for a factory to examine, analyze and improve the products. Meanwhile, it can also help a factory to decide if they should suspend poor efficient products, replace them with new products or adjust the product combination. The main purpose is to increase the product performance and competitiveness. This study use the “Data Envelopment Analysis”(DEA) which can handle multiple inputs and outputs, a performance evaluation methods, to do the production efficient analysis and the ranking of TFT-LCD factory’s products. To achieve efficient evaluation of the fairness and objectivity, in the index weight set using a Common Weight limits concept and the limits to join the Data Envelopment Analysis CCR model. In efficient ranking point of view, it abandons the Common Weight, a single efficient ranking method, but using “Decision Making Unit”(DMU), the cross efficiency ranking purpose, to be the ranking based method of most efficient self-evaluation. By Common Weighting and Cross Efficiency Advantages concepts, it calculated the efficient value of each DMU and sorted them by rank scoring design. That will help to identify the inefficient products produced by the TFT-LCD manufacturer. This study finally uses actual historical data of TFT-LCD manufacturer in Taiwan( referred to as A Company). It verified this study really can effectively help the TFT-LCD production plant to make the right production decision.