無線射頻辨識系統應用於捷運工程資產盤點管理之效益評估

Abstract

傳統資產盤點通常以人工紙本之抽點方式進行，不但人力需求高、作業時間長，且盤點記錄需於電腦系統中重置，易發生資料登錄錯誤及設備位置記錄不清等缺失。本研究以某捷運工程之無線射頻辨識系統(RFID)資產盤點系統為例，探討RFID「導入前」、「導入中」、「導入後」之作業流程變化、導入障礙及因應措施，並分析導入後之盤點作業效益(例如節省人力、時間及資料品質等)，期作為未來相關單位導入RFID資產盤點系統之參考。研究結果顯示，RFID資產盤點系統可進行全面性之資產盤點，並節省約75%之作業人力、縮短約67%之作業時間、提升資料正確率達九成以上，實有助於提升盤點作業之效率及準確性，惟避免讀取干擾及增加晶片使用年限，係RFID運用仍需克服之障礙。 本研究之成果亦包括：(1)分析捷運工程財產分類的探討及盤點作業流程的優缺點，(2)規劃出符合資產盤點管理系統的工作模式以符合使用者的實際需求，並選定了RFID系統的軟硬體設備，建立一個新的資產盤點作業流程，達到縮短作業時間及減少成本的目標，提高盤點作業的正確性，有效解決以紙本管理上的缺失，並與後端系統連結，快速回應管理需求，增進資產盤點管理的實質效益。

Normally property stocktaking usually carry out manually with paper recording method. Such traditional way of stocktaking is highly manpower and time consuming. Moreover, it needs to feed back to computer recording which is liable to data entry errors and equipment location records are not clear or either missing. This research of using radio frequency identification (RFID) inventory work in rapid transit system, for example, is to explore RFID "before import", "process of import", "after import" job process change, import barriers and handling measures, to analysis the benefits after the import operation (e.g. savings in manpower, time and data quality, etc.) and finally taking as a reference for future related stocktaking by using RFID. Conclusion of this study reflects that, RFID property stocktaking system can be used for a full property stocktaking, saving about 75% of manpower, shortened by about 67 percent of time required, improve data accuracy rate to 90% and above. It really helps to improve work accuracy and efficiency for stocktaking job but there are still some obstructions which need to overcome for RFID application such as to avoid interference during reading and increase the life-spend of the chip.