海岸景觀美質評價模式之研究

Abstract

海邊是群眾休閒遊憩經常造訪的地區，近年來海岸環境的開發利用漸受重視，了解海岸特性才能達到開發與環保雙贏的局面。而美觀及親水性兼具的海岸環境為使用者舒適感覺之首要條件，並兼顧安全性而與自然環境相調和之海岸環境結構物，為未來海岸設施設計必然之趨勢。 本研究包含兩大部份：第一部份是以景觀美質迴歸分析進而訂定海岸景觀營造設計準則；第二部份則為建立海岸景觀評價模式以評估現有海岸之美質優劣情況。第一部份經由迴歸分析所得之四組海岸景觀美質迴歸方程式，分別為美質、偏好、協調性、自然親水性等迴歸方程式，其R平方皆達0.7以上，擁有相當高的解釋變異量，對於預測群眾美質認知感受的準確度相當高，故可依據方程式結果訂立海岸景觀的設計準則，作為未來海岸環境管理營造的方向。第二部份則將海岸景觀劃分為三大項：「自然環境」、「人工結構物」、「植栽」，利用第一部份迴歸分析的結果，以及相關研究資料，整理出一個方便理解且容易操作的評估系統。此模式實際操作應用與問卷調查驗證分析，Pearson相關係數為0.858，顯示模式評價與問卷驗證之結果呈現高度相關，亦能成為一評估海岸景觀資源之應用模式。

The beach is a good place that people always like to visit for leisure. Recently, the development and utilization of coastal environments is getting attention. In order to achieve a win-win situation between development and environmental protection, we need to know the characteristics about coastal environment. To make the user feel comfortable is a hydrophilic and beautiful coastal environment, which also concluding safe and harmonious coastal structure.

This research includes two part: the first part is using regression analysis of scenic beauty to create a set of rules for coastal landscape design; the second part is establishing the coastal landscape evaluation to assess the landscape of coast were superior or inferior. By using regression analysis of coastal scenic beauty, the first part could obtain four regression equations, named scenic beauty, preference, coordination, and natural hydrophilic. The R-squareds of above-mentiond regression equations are up to 0.7 or more, and it means that those regression equations predict the cognitive feelings of public by a very high accuracy, and then create a set of rules for coastal landscape design. The second part is dividing the coastal landscape into three categories: “natural environment”, “artificial structure”, and ”planting”. Using the regression analysis of the first part of this research and other related research paper information, then sort out an evaluation model, which is easy to understand and convenient to manipulate. Analysis the practical application by this model with questionnaire validation, the Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.858, indicating model evaluation and results of the questionnaire validation showed a high degree of correlation, can also become a accurate evaluation model of coastal landscape.