工作特性與侵略性駕駛行為的關連性研究

Abstract

本研究採用問卷調查方式，以駕駛人行為問卷、五大人格特質量表與工作診斷調查表收集駕駛人的侵略性駕駛行為、人格特質與工作特性資料。將工作特性作為人格特質與侵略性駕駛行為間的中介變項，以結構方程式建構此三大部分的關聯性。由結構方程式分析結果顯示我國駕駛人之侵略性駕駛行為中，男性與較年輕的駕駛人會顯著有較高的違規傾向，會比年長的駕駛更容易做出侵略性駕駛行為。駕駛人的教育水準與侵略性駕駛行為有顯著的正相關。人格特質中的和善性與嚴謹性對侵略性駕駛行為的三個構面均有不同程度的負相關效果，顯示要改進侵略性駕駛行為應以教育(提高駕駛人的和善性)與法規(提高駕駛人的嚴謹性)為主。工作特性對侵略性駕駛行為有普遍的負相關效果，這顯示提高駕駛人的工作特性可以使其減少侵略性駕駛行為；但工作特性對侵略性駕駛行為的影響沒有人格特質那麼強烈。

This study is focused on the relationships between drivers’ job characteristics and their driving behaviors. Driver Behavior Questionnaire (DBQ), NEO-FFI and Job Diagnostic Survey were used to collect data of drivers’ aggressive driving behaviors, personality and job characteristics. Job characteristics were treated as intermediary variables of personality and driving behaviors. 385 valid questionnaires were collected at two freeway rest areas. The Structural Equation Model (SEM) was used to build the prospective model. The results showed that male and younger drivers tend to have significantly higher aggressive driving behaviors, while older drivers have a significant higher score on lapses dimension. “Agreeableness” and “Conscientiousness” factors in personality have a significant negative effect to aggressive driving behavior, it means we can reduce driver’s aggressive driving behavior by ruling drivers by law to enhance their Conscientiousness, and enhance drivers’ Agreeableness by education. Most factors in job characteristics have a significant negative effect on aggressive driving. It means that making employees have a stronger job characteristic will reduce their aggressive driving behaviors.