標題: 小客車碰撞型態與安全帶使用對乘座人員受傷嚴重度影響之研究
The Effect of Crash Type and Seat-belt Usage on the Injury Severity for Automobile Occupants
作者: 邱坤祿
Chiou K. Kuh
張新立
Chang, Hsin-Li
土木工程學系
關鍵字: 安全帶;小客車
公開日期: 1991
摘要: 本研究的主要目的在探討小客車碰撞型態與安全帶安全帶使用對乘座人員受傷害嚴重度之影響,主要的研究方法是以卡方(Chi-Square)獨立性作檢定及實驗設計(Expeimental Design)為觀念架構,探討有關於碰撞型態、受傷害程度及受傷部位彼此之間的交互作用。在今日小客車是相當重要的交通工具,其主要功能在於提供旅客次的服務,故小客車一旦發生交通事故,對車內乘座人員的影響將是非常嚴重。 在小客車碰撞事件當中,減輕事故嚴重度對車內乘座人員受傷害程度之實乃當務之,急所以擬從小客車車內的安全保護設施作研究,進一步分析安全帶對小客車車內乘座人員之影響。而在事故嚴重度的分析比較上,分成兩部份作為事故嚴重度評比的標準,一方面從小客車乘座人員的傷亡嚴重度作分析,利用研究的結果,檢討我國目前小客車安全設置裝備之缺失以及乘座人員使用安全裝備之情形;另一方面從碰撞型態所產生的事故嚴重度作比較,探討小客車碰撞時週遭道路與環境對小客車事故嚴重度所帶來的衝擊與影響。 由以上人、車、道路、環境四大因素探討我國小客車碰撞情境,以及在碰撞型態及事故嚴重度的交互作用與系統分析之下,尋求適當的解決之道,並從研究成果中顯示出小客車乘座人員的傷亡嚴重度均以「頭部」受傷害最為嚴重;碰撞型態所導致的事故嚴重度則以「對撞」最為嚴重;而在安全帶保護功能上不僅可以保護胸部,更能保護胸部以外的重要部位,例如頭部,而在安全帶效度方面,安全帶對第二當事車(即小客車較具被撞特性)駕駛員;較第一當事車(小客車較具主動性)駕駛員的保護功效更加顯著。所以在使用交通工具之前,善用車上安全裝置設備,以確行車安全及個人生命與財產。
The objective of this research is undertaken to explore the accident severity and the protection function of seat-belt usage. A conceptualizatio framework is established to delineate Chi-Square test and factorial design about crash type, injury severity, major injury part and seat-belt usage. Today automobile is an important mode of transportation. However once an automobile accident happens, it usually brings severe injuries to the automobile occupants. How to reduce the injury severity is always a top priority research for traffic safety. Restraint device usage is considered as an effective tool to reduce the injury severity of automobile occupants during the crash. Two criteria are developed to compare accident severity. One is to compare injury severity from injuty part of automobile occupants, the other is to compare accident severity from crash type. This study reveals that cephalic injury is fatal vital part. Head-on collision is the most severe crash type and the protection function of seat-belt, for the driver of passive collision is more significant than that of active collision. Seat-belt not only protect chest but also protect head and other major parts of human body.
URI: http://140.113.39.130/cdrfb3/record/nctu/#NT803015003
http://hdl.handle.net/11536/56386
Appears in Collections:Thesis