全球IC產業聯盟網路之競爭力分析

Abstract

1980年代全球化的競爭破壞了地區性產業的結構和競爭的均衡，這種結果 造成許多廠商紛紛尋找國外合作的盟友，以便擴展自己成為跨國性的企業 ，來因應全球化競爭所帶來的。這些廠商相互結盟的結果，形成產業複雜 而且龐大的聯盟網路，這些聯盟網路可以定『兩家公司或兩家以上交易關 係的』。在聯盟網路內的公司可能和競爭對手，而陷入潛在性利益分配及 未來發展的矛盾當中。在1991年Nitin Nohria與Carlos Garcia-Pont合著 的一篇論文當中，針對全球汽車工業建立一套分析聯盟網路的模型，本論 文將利用並改進該模型的一些方法來探討全球IC工業的聯盟網路。首先由 層級演算法（Hierarchial Clustering Algorithm），分割全球27家經營 規模較大的IC廠商為6 組『策略群』（Strategic Group ），分析每一族 群的競爭能力，以及族群內各公司形成聯盟網路之關係，網路形成的原因 、目的及結果。了解全球經營規模較大的IC廠商競爭能力的優劣及聯盟的 情況，期望能提供給國內IC廠商作為將來選擇聯盟伙伴的參考。並建立改 良的聯盟網路理論模型，使其也適用於分析其他產業聯盟網路的競爭力。 The global competition in the 1980's destroyed the struct- ure and competitive equilibrum of regional industry. Many manufacturers started to look for international cooperative ces, in order to become multinational corporations, to face the challenge of global competion. These alliances caused the formation of complicated "alliance networks". These "alliance networks" can be defined as a union of two or more companies' transactional relationships. Sometimes company may form an alliance with its competitor which eventually will have to resolve the conflict of potential profit distribution and future relationship development. In 1991, Nitin Nohria and Carlos Carcia-Pont suggested a model to analyze the alliance networks of the global automobiledustry. This research enhanced the above model and used it to analyze the alliance networks of the global IC industry. The model divided the largest 27 IC manufacturers in the world into six strategic groups, using the Hierarchical Clustering Algorithm analyzed the competiveness of each of these six groups, the relationships among the companies within these groups, and the reasons, goals and consequences of these alliance networks. The model can induct the competitiveness of the major global IC manufactures, to whom they form alliances with, and the benefits and consequences of their alliances. The purpose of this research is the share these experiences with domestic IC manufa- cturers; to help them select potential alliance partners; and to improve the alliance network analysis model so that it cansed to analyze the competitiveness of industries other than the IC industry.