技術引進方式分析─以科學園區資訊電子業為例

Abstract

技術移轉是一個探討已久的領域, 但以往研究多集中於影響技術移轉績效 因素的討論, 缺乏對於技術移轉模式分析上的研究。本論文經由策略群組 的分析技巧, 從資本額、 R&D 費用佔營業額比例、與技術提供者間的關 係、產品線寬度四個構面變數中, 兩兩配對繪出策略群組圖,再從各群組 圖中整理出不同的技術引進模式。由研究結果發現, 新竹科學園區的資訊 電子廠商在技術引進的方式上以技術授權與合作開發為主。一般而言, 產 品線越寬的廠商在技術引進的方式上比較多樣性; 研發投入比例較高的公 司, 越傾向以合作開發或參與技術聯盟以取得技術, 研發投入比例較低的 公司則以技術授權為主; 資本額大的公司, 比較可能以合資的方式共同開 發技術; 公司若是多國籍企業的子公司, 則經常以合作開發的方式與本地 公司開發技術。 Technology transfer is a well-known subject. However, most emphases have been paid to the critical factors as well as performance of technology transfer, instead of the models of technology acquisition. This study applies the technique of strategic grouping method to analyze the characteristics of information and electronic firms, which leads to the different ways of technology acquisition in Science-Based Industrial Park of Taiwan. In this thesis, four varibles,i.e., capital, the ratio of R&D to revenue, the relationship between recipients and suppliers, and the width of product line, are employed as the factors for the strategic group analysis. The results reveal several crucial points. Firms with wider product line develop more diverse ways of technology transfer. Firms with high rate of R&D investment intend to obtain technology by way of cooperative development or participating technology alliance. Those of lower R&D investment prefer technology licensing. Firms with large capital are more liable to develop technology by Joint-Venture. The subsidiaries of international business usually use the way of cooperative development to collaborate with local companies.