機車路側淨空容忍度之研究

Abstract

機車因為具有機動性高、停車方便以及使用成本低廉等優點，因此成為台灣地區民眾最普遍也最重要之交通工具之一。但是綜觀台灣之交通環境，並沒有提供機車族群一個良好的行車條件，路側空間經常被停放車輛或是招牌等障礙物所佔據，使得機車族群必須被迫竄流於快車道與其他車輛爭道，其安全性受到很大的考驗。由於機車之機動性高，因此其行徑路線很難完全掌控，國內目前有許多針對機車行為之研究，但對於機車側向淨空的部分較少深入之探討。所謂「機車路側淨空（roadside lateral clearance）容忍度」即是機車騎士在行進過程中能夠容忍與路側標的物之最小淨空距離。 本研究目的在於探索不同環境條件下，機車騎士對於其右側淨空的容忍程度。本研究首先定義各影響因素量測之方法，並調查機車靜態尺寸以作為校正側向淨空之用，利用實地調查的方式，透過數位攝影機攝錄不同行車環境下，機車騎士對於路側淨空之容忍程度。 研究結果發現，機車本身車種、本身車速、路側障礙物以及道路線型對機車路側淨空皆有顯著之影響。重型機車受到操控性不如輕型機車靈活影響所需路側淨空大於輕型機車；機車車速越高時對突發狀況能反應時間越短，因此所需之路側淨空亦越大；路側障礙物為大客車時，機車騎士會因為強烈之壓迫感與視線受阻致使所需路側淨空大於路側障礙物為小客車時之情況；機車在曲線路段為保持適當之行車視距，所需之路側淨空大於直線路段；機車前方有其他行駛機車對機車路側淨空有顯著之影響，機車左後方有其他行駛機車對機車路側淨空亦有顯著之影響。

Because of their mobility, convenience of parking and low operating cost, motorcycles have become the most common and important vehicles used in Taiwan. However, there is no adequate road environment for motorcycles. As most of the roadside in urban areas are occupied by parked vehicles and other obstacles, motorcycles are forced to compete for the right of way with other vehicles on the road. This leads to increase the risk of accident involvement of motorcycles. The path of motorcycle is difficult to predict because of their high mobility. There are many studies on the driving behavior of motorcyclists. However few researches probing into lateral displacement of motorcycles were found. “Roadside lateral clearance” is the distance between the path of vehicle moving forward and roadside objects. This study investigated the effects of different environment conditions on roadside lateral clearance of motorcyclists, using a digital camera. The results show that speed, types of roadside obstacles and the road curvature have significant effects on roadside lateral clearance of motorcycles. When motorcyclists ride fast or ride on a winding course, or when the roadside obstacle is a bus, they need wider roadside lateral clearance to maintain a safe distance.