晶圓代工產業競爭策略之研究

Abstract

近幾年來,台灣高度的經濟成長有漸趨緩慢的現象,亦即在成長的過程中, 漸漸有一些瓶頸產生,而這些瓶頸迫使政府與業者必須進行產業升級,惟有 提昇產業體質,才不至於在競爭的環境中遭到淘汰。高科技產業是近幾年 來台灣經濟發展的重要命脈,亦是台灣在國際舞上競爭的利器。在高科技 產業之中,尤以半導體產業的表現最為突出。高科技產業的競爭,不僅是瞬 息萬變,更是資金、技術、時間的競賽。想要在激烈的競爭環境中求生存, 選擇適當的競爭策略、建立競爭優勢,是企業經營的首要工作。本研究的 主要內容,是在於分析我國晶圓代工產業所面臨的環境趨勢以及所具備的 競爭條件,並配合Michael E.Porter 的五力分析模型來檢視我國晶圓代工 產業所面臨各種競爭力互動的情形。本研究之結論可歸納為以下兩點: 1.競爭策略: (a).降低成本。 (1).提高良率(FAB YIELD) (2).提高機器 設備使用率 (b).降低周期時間(CYCLE TIME)。 (c).彈性製造系統。 (d).加強品質。 (e).擬定製程技術發展計劃。 (f).策略聯盟。 (g).向 上、向下整合,提供更廣、更深的服務。 (h).致力投入智慧財產權的開發 與保護。 (i).以最終產品的成長來選擇合作夥伴,進而制定製程發展計劃 。 2.1992年台灣晶圓代工產值達US$442.8 million,佔世界總代工產值 之20%預估到1997年世界總代工產值可達US$7.7 billions 由此可見台灣 晶圓代工仍有非常大的發展空間。 The economic growth rate seems slow down recent years in Taiwan. It mean that there are some bottlenecks occur in the economic development process and these bottlenecks force Taiwan goverment to improve the industrial structure. High tech industry have play a very important role in Taiwan economic growth in recent years, especially the Semiconductor industry. The sharp competition in the high tech industry compel firms to select proper strategy to establish the competition advantage. The purpose of the study focus on the analysis of enviroment condition of Taiwan Foundry industry and apply the competition model that developed by Michael E.Porter to the Taiwan Foundry industry. The conclusions of the study are: (1). We find that there are some key strategy can help firms establish the competition advantage in the Fondry industry. The key strategy we find as following: (a). Cost strategy (b). Cycle time strategy (c). Flexible manufacturing system (d). Quality strategy (e). Process technology development plan (f). Strategy alliance (g). Vertical integrate (h). The development of intelligence property. (i). The rule of select partners. (2). The potential market of Fountry business will still growing in the future.