整合影像追蹤之火焰切割機控制系統之研製

Abstract

一個完整的自動化生產設備需包括CAD、CAM 到CNC整合系統，在本篇論文 中，我們以工廠實際使用中的火焰切割機為目標，作出整套從CAD、CAM到 CNC電眼兩用火焰切割機。本系統之控制器是以個人電腦為基礎，搭配分 散式即時網路架構，並採用在中文視窗環境CWIN下執行的fPLC發展系統， 發展出一套非常具有彈性的PC-based CNC控制器，以網路模組可彈性連接 伺服驅動和可程式控制器模組，全系統可依設計需要，彈性增減網路節點 而不必增加額外的成本，非常具有整合其他系統的潛力。在伺服系統設計 上，採用全數位控制的交流馬達伺服系統。各伺服模組內建16位元微電腦 ，所以內部控制完全電腦化，再加上網路式架構可以作線上的伺服參數調 整和監視。在 CAD\CAM部分，發展了一套能幫助工廠計劃性生產，自動產 生CNC 程式碼的預處理系統軟體，提供排版與選序上的方便，使得切割元 件的繪圖更精確，可切割的種類更多樣化。在影像循軌方面，成功的把影 像系統整合到控制系統中，完成電眼功能，可作為以後本系統未來整合其 他獨立工作單元的參考。本系統雖以火焰切割機作為實現的對象，但只要 配上水刀、高速電離或雷射等不同的切割刀具亦可成為不同的切割機。 In this thesis,author analyze and implement a complete CAD/CAM/ CNC and tracking process on a flame cutting mechine. A fPLC develop system based on Windows environment along with the distributed real- time computer network was used to investigate a flexible PC-based CNC controller. In this system,the flexiblity of network achieve the addition of network nodes,e. g.,AC servo motor module and PLC module, without any additional cost. In the servo system design, an AC servo motor controlled by digital scheme is used here. Because of the built-in 16-bit micro- processor, all progresses were computerized. In addition, with the network structure, the on- line monitoring and parameter tuning can be reached easily. In the CAD/CAM unit, a CNC pre-processing program which can help to produce CNC part program from graph drawing automatically is developed. This program provides the function of products schedule planning, cutting elements setting, and manufacture order arranging. In image tracking, author combined the image system with the control system to be a basis of the integral of of this system and other independent working unit. Althought, we put our attention on the flame cutting machine, this strategy can also be applied on the other cutting machine if other blades were used.