标题: | 核废料运送之风险认知实证研究 An Emperical Study For Perceived Risks of Radioactive Waste Transportation in Taiwan |
作者: | 龚秋桂 Kung, Chiu-Kuei 吴寿山, 丁承 Sou-Shan Wu, Cherng G. Ding 管理科学系所 |
关键字: | 核废料;风险认知;Radioactive Waste;risk perception |
公开日期: | 1996 |
摘要: | 核电争议、核废处置问题在即将迈入二十一世纪的台湾,已非纯粹的 科技问题,早已脱离科技范畴,进入社会、政治议题的界域。本研究主旨 为引介欧美国家近来兴起的风险认知研究理论,希望针对核废运送议题透 过台湾地区的实证资料,剖析国内民众对核废处置的争议渊源,期望研究 成果能有助于了解一般民众对核废料运送问题的风险认知高低,以便研拟 有效的风险沟通策略,解决因风险认知差异所导致的冲突。本研究主要探 讨以下五个主题:1、民众对核废料运送之风险认知为何?2、民众是赞成 或反对核废料运送?反对民众特质及其反对理由为何?3、民众对于提高 运送安全的方案看法如何?4、民众获取核废料运送资讯的来源管道是什 么?5、民众对有关单位的信赖度如何?本研究采邮寄问卷方式收集资料 ,并选择国内一般民众作为调查研究对象,共邮寄1765份问卷,有效问卷 共计210份,基于本研究之样本结构,研究结果发现:一、约半数的民众 是属于“普通”了解,而核能辐射了解尚多及具专业知识之民众比例明显 偏低;核能辐射了解程度高低随着教育程度及职业不同而有差异,军公教 民众较其他行业民众对核能辐射了解程度为高。换言之,教育程度在国中 以下或职业是务农之民众对核能辐射了解相当有限。二、民众对运送与暂 时贮存两种风险大小比较之认知呈现明显的分歧,印证民众对核电风险认 知属于不熟悉的特质。三、近半数民众认为目前核废料运送方式是安全, 但亦有三成五的民众表示无意见;而认为运送方式不安全的民众中是以国 中以下教育程度之民众占多数。四、在核废料运送过程可能产生的危害中 ,民众最关切的是对生态环境与人体健康的危害,社经层面的冲击则居次 。五、近半数民众赞成低核废料运送,反对者有二成,三成民众则表示无 意见;反对低核废料运送的最大理由为可能遭遇人力不可抗拒之意外;反 对核废料运送之民众特性是:女性较男性多、教育程度为国中以下者居多 、认为运送比暂时贮存风险“大很多”者及对目前核废料运送方式认为“ 不”安全者。六、各行业之民众均将严密的事前安全检查与严格并广泛地 训练驾驶人员视为提高运送安全最重要的方案。七、民众获取核废料运送 相关资讯的第一来源为电视、收音机。八、对相关团体的信赖度,群众的 认知是以核能学者专家为信赖度最高的对象,政府机关则敬陪末座。 Steping into a new era of twenty-one centuries, Taiwan is now facing the issues of nuclear power dispute and nuclear waste disposal, whcih are not merely associated with technological but also social and political aspects. The main purpose of this research is to analyze the dispute origin of the general public by risk perception theory and empirical data from Taiwan district to help understand the exitet of perceived risks of radwaste transportation issue, and to work on effective communication strategies and dissolve the dispute resulting from the perceived risk discrepancies.Five main topics are investigated in this paper:1.What is the extent of perceived risks of the general public regarding radwaste transportation?2. Is the general public for or against radwaste transportation? What are the characteristics and motivations of those people who are against?3.What is the attitude of the general public toward the strategies on enhancing transportation security?4.What are the sources of information for the general public concerning radwaste transportation?5.What is the extent of reliance of the general public upon associated organizations?The data are collected from the questionnaines which are forwarded to the general public. There are totally 1765 copies of questionnaines delivered and 210 returned copies are valid, which are referred to as the sample structrues. The results of this investigation are summerized as follows.1.Over fifty percent of the general public falls to the "understand" category and the percentage of the general public with profesional background is apparently low; the extent of understanding toward nuclear radiation varies with the education and profession background. The soliders, public servants and education workers have better understanding than people from other walks of life in nuclear radiation. In other words, people with education background below junior high school and farmers have very limited understanding.2.Obvious discrepancies is found in the extent of awareness of general public toward the risk comparison between transportation and storage.3.Over fifty percent of the general public consider the radwaste transportation to be safe. Howerer, about 35% reveal no comment.4.Among the possible impact during the course of radwaste transportation, the general public most concern the impact to environmental ecology and human health. Social- economic concern goes to the second place.5.Near fifty percent of the general public are infavor of low level waste transportation; The undeniable accident is the main reason for opposition. The characteristics of the general public who are against radwaste transportation are: more female than male, education background mostly below junior high school, considering much higher risk in transportation than in interim storage, and considering the current radwaste transportation unsafe.6.The general public consider the safety checkup in advance and both stringent and comprehensive training for the drivers to be the most important factor to guarantee the radwaste transportation safety.7.The main source of information regarding radwaste transportation for the general public is television and radio broadcast.8.The general public most rely on the scholars and experts in the nuclear field. The reliability of the government organizations falls to the last place. |
URI: | http://140.113.39.130/cdrfb3/record/nctu/#NT850457012 http://hdl.handle.net/11536/62171 |
显示于类别: | Thesis |