動態網路結盟之契約設計:組織生命週期及資源依賴觀點

Abstract

本研究是針對網路結盟與契約設計之動態關係進行研究，主要目的有： 1. 整理現有產業環境、組織、組織生命週期、策略、網路結盟、資源依賴、契約設計、交易成本及賽局相關理論，探討產業環境、組織和網路結盟策略之相互關係。 2. 採用企業成長階段及資源依賴理論，探討組織在網路結盟關係之契約應如何設計才能有效率地和環境的變化互動。 本研究認為因訂立完全合約之不可能性，契約之規範不可能周詳，使得組織間的網路結盟契約，因環境變動而必須另訂新契約才能契合新環境之需求。如果能在契約訂立之初即將需進行新契約之告知與協商機制加以設計，則組織對動態環境之反應必然較為迅速且能降低雙方之交易成本。因此本研究將環境、組織、策略與契約設計的運作觀念整合成一個新的運作模型，並就此模式中契約設計部分之基本條款嘗試賦予新的意涵詳加說明。 為強化實用性，本研究提出實務案例，以闡明將契約設計納入策略考量的重要性。論文中亦列出一個契約設計之查核表以供企業經理人實務運作之參考。

A research of dynamic relationships of networking and contract design with the following two objects: 1. The pertinent literatures on industrial environments, organizations, organizational life cycles, strategies, networking, resource dependence, contract designs, transaction costs, and game theory are reviewed in order to discover interrelation among the industrial environments, organizations and networking strategies; and 2. Adopting organizational life cycle and resource dependence theories, in order to discover how to design a networking contract for an organization, such that the organization can efficiently interact with the changing environments. Due to impossibility of a perfect contract, it is impossible for contract provisions to be completely comprehensive, and thus a networking contract between organizations should be renewed to comply with changing environment. In case that advice of contract renewal and negotiation mechanism have been designed at the moment of making contract, both organizations can quickly respond to the dynamic environment, and the transaction cost in between can be reduced. Therefore concepts concerning environments, organizations, strategies, and contract design are integrated as a new operation model, and basic clauses of contract are entitled new meanings for the new model. A case study is set forth in this article to illustrate importance of taking contract design into strategic consideration.