以近十年配電領域研發案檢討台電研發管理課題

Abstract

電力產業技術的研究發展，可以促進技術創新活動，提昇技術水準，進而提高生產效率，促進經濟發展，因此先進國家莫不將研究發展列為國家重要政策之一。在電業環境面臨自由化與台電即將民營化的變遷下，為促使研究資源之有效利用，實有必要對於台電研發管理課題進行探討，本研究以台電近十年來配電技術相關之研發案（總計187個研發案）為素材，就這些研發案所顯示的研發管理課題進行探究，藉此找出台電於研發管理上之問題，進而針對問題提出有效之建議，做為台電改善研發管理制度之參考。 本研究首先針對配電技術的構成提出說明，以配電技術所涉及的技術領域為分類，將配電技術分為：電力品質、配電電腦及自動化、負載管理、保護設備、運轉與維護等五大類，做為配電研發案之分類基礎。以此基礎將本研究所探討之187個配電研發案進行歸類，並對配電研發案以研究的題目、目標的達成、研究的人員及成果的應用等項目為標準進行整理，進一步做為本研究台電研發管理課題探究之依據。接著從研發組織與制度、研發計畫及研發研究人員等三個層面出發，以前述歸類之配電研發案為實證，探究台電的研發管理課題。並以經營管理者層面針對所發現之研發管理課題，從研發所涉及的因素面、程序面與整體發展面等三面向進行彙整與總體性分析。 本研究發現台電研發管理存在各自為政、技術資訊與設備因素的擴散與取得不易、人力資源的運用缺乏彈性、研發成果的處理應用未落實等共通問題，至於個別技術領域研發計畫目標與發展趨勢，則隨不同技術領域而有所差異。本研究建議藉由提升研發人員協調、溝通等管理技能，研發人員之激勵與輪調，落實計畫可行性分析，訂定具體資源釋出處置規定與績效評估指標，釐清組織定位，成立研發工作小組與提升研發部門之參謀功能，期使研發成果能落實並發揮最大效益，符合顧客及市場導向，因應電業自由化所帶來之電業環境。

R&D of electric power industry is the motive power of technology creation, production efficiency improvement, and economic development, therefore, most of the leading countries in the world make it an important national policy. Recently, global electric power industry is undergoing far-reaching and fundamental changes. Similarly, the electricity supply business in Taiwan also moves toward competition under government's deregulation and liberation policy. Under such circumstances, it become more important for Taipower to explore its R&D management issues in order to optimize and economize its research resource. With Taipower's distribution projects in the recent ten years (totaling 187 projects) as raw materials, the objective of this study is to explore Taipower's R&D management issues and to provide recommendations and solutions to these problems. Firstly, the historical data of 187 distribution projects were collected and classified into five categories：power quality, distribution computerization & automation, load management, protection equipment, as well as operation & maintenance. Secondly, the projects were further formulated by subject, the fulfillment of object, researchers, and application of the outcome. Next, an inquiry into Taipower's R&D management problems was discussed from organization, project, and researchers level. Finally, the macrocosmic analysis was progressed from three dimensions, namely, factor, process, and global development. The findings showed that Taipower's R&D management had some common problems, including the cooperation of interdepartmental projects, the diffusion of technology information and the acquirement of equipment, the employ of human resource, the process and application of R&D outcome. While the goal of R&D project and development tendency are dependent on individual technology field. According to this study, there are some suggestions for Taipower's R&D management in order to reflect the current customer-driven and market-driven competitive environment. These suggestions include 1. To elevate the cooperation and communication management skills of the researchers, 2. To provide motivation and incentives for the researcher, 3. To implement the practicability analysis of R&D project, 4. To verify the specific regulation of resource release process and the performance evaluating indicators of R&D project, 5. To confirm the position and role of the R&D organization, 6. To establish a working team of R&D project and finally, to elevate the staff function of R&D department.