以界面活性劑加入環保冷媒R134a以溶解極性固體物質之可行性探討

Abstract

我們測試了三類（全氟、陰離子型、非離子型）共八種的界面活性劑在25bar下、液體R134a冷媒中的溶解度，發現只有二種非離子型界面活性劑Polyethylene glycol mono-4-nonylphenyl ether（PGMNPE）與Polyethylene glycol monooleyl ether（PGME）能夠溶解。將PGMNPE/PGME溶於25bar的液體R134a冷媒中來萃取固體的蛋白質，初步的螢光光譜測量結果顯示，似乎可將溶菌□ （lysozyme）、胰朊□（trypsin）、胃液□（pepsin）及牛血清蛋白（bovine serum albumin，BSA）四種固體蛋白質萃取出來。然而進一步的實驗證實，螢光的訊號來自於冷媒R134a中的不純物所造成的干擾。但是可見光光譜的資料顯示，PGME溶於25bar液體R134a冷媒的系統確實能將三種色素：甲基橙（methyl orange）、原藻紅（erythrosine）與孟加拉玫瑰素（rose bengal）萃取出來。我們希望能由溶劑極性與色素吸收光譜位移的關係來判斷萃取的機制是否為形成反微胞，但是尚無法由實驗結果得到證明。

We investigated the solubility of eight surfactants in coolant R134a. Among them, two non-ionic surfactants, i.e. polyethylene glycol mono-4-nonylphenyl ether (PGMNPE) and polyethylene glycol monooleyl ether (PGME) were soluble. These two compounds were then added to R134a individually in order to examine the feasibility of solubilizing proteins. According to the preliminary fluorescence data, it seemed that lysozyme, trypsin, pepsin and bovine serum albumin were all soluble in R134a at the presence of either PGMNPE or PGME. Further studies, however, validated that the supposed protein fluorescent signals actually were originated from impurities of R134a. In the course of investigating other polar compounds, we found that three colorants, i.e. methyl orange, erythrosine and rose bengal, were indeed solublized in the system. As to the mechanism accounted for this solubilizing, there still lacked solid evidence to confirm the formation of reverse micelles.