研發人員生涯導向與事業成功之關連性研究：以工研院及科學園區為例

Abstract

本研究之目的乃在於：1、瞭解研發人員之生涯導向；2、瞭解生涯導向之間是否有關連性；3、探討個人變項及組織類別對於研發人員生涯導向之影響；4、探討個人變項及組織類別對於事業成功變項有所影響；5、探討生涯導向與事業成功之間的關連性。研究對象以工研院及科學園區廠商的研發人員。研究結果如下：一、研發人員對於生涯導向之偏好以工作保障導向最高，服務導向次之，而以技術導向偏好最低。二、就個人變項與生涯導向而言，性別對於生活、工作保障及管理導向有顯著差異；而年齡對於生活及自主導向有顯著差異；婚姻狀況對於生活、自主及服務導向有顯著差異；教育程度對挑戰及服務導向有顯著差異；公司及就業年資與生活、自主及管理導向有顯著差異；擔任職務對於自主、管理及服務導向有顯著差異。三、工研院之研發人員在服務導向上高於科學園區，而科學園區研發人員之自主導向高於工研院。四、就個人變項與事業成功而言，年齡、婚姻狀況、教育程度、公司年資及就業年資與擔任職務除了與組織承諾無關外，與其他四個事業成功變數有關。五、工研院在工作投入及留職意願方面皆高於科學園區。六、以年齡為控制變數，在40歲以下，生涯導向與事業成功有關，而在40歲以上，生涯導向只與事業滿意度無關，與其他四個事業成功變數有關。

In the view of Schumpeter, value creation comes from innovation. However, for manufacturing industry, most innovation comes from research and development (R&D) activities. And, of course, all R&D activities are conducted by R&D personnel. The focus of this thesis is on R&D personnel. Specifically, we examine five relevant issues on this regard. First, it identify the distribution of types of career orientation among R&D personnel. Second, it examines the relationships between career orientations. Third, it explores the relationships between career orientations, demographic variables and organization types. Fourth, it explores the relationships between career success, demographic variables and organization types. And lastly, it examines the relationships between career orientations and career success. The study documents many interesting findings: First, in term of distribution, Service and Lifestyle are the strongest orientations while Entrepreneurship, Geographic Security, and Technical Competence are the lowest orientations. Second, in term of gender difference, women are more Lifestyle and Job Security-oriented than men while men are more managerial-oriented. Third, in term of marriage status, unmarried R&D have higher scores in Lifestyle and Autonomy orientation, while the married have higher score in Service orientation. Fourth, in term of age, older personnel are more Service and Geographic Security-oriented and less Life-style and Autonomy-oriented. Fifth, in term of type of organization, the R&D personnel of ITRI (the Industrial Technology Research Institutes of Taiwan) are more Service-oriented than their counterparts in the Hsinchu Science Park. R&D personnel of ITRI have higher scores in Job Involvement and Intention to Stay than those of Science Park. And lastly, there is significantly positive relations between career orientation and career success for R&D personnel both over and under the age of 40.