中華電信北區分公司營運處之生產力與效率分析

Abstract

摘 要 我國為因應電信產業自由化之世界潮流，及促進電信市場公平競爭，經多年努力，終於在民國85年元月通過電信三法，隨後即陸續開放民間經營行動通信、衛星通信及固網通信等業務。而自政府開放電信市場經後營環境丕變，各家業者對電信市場莫不全力以赴，因此對中華電信而言，如何選擇適當的評估方法，用以評估分析組織最基本營運單位之經營效率，進而提供改善之建議，便成為一個不容忽視的課題。 本研究係以中華電信北區分公司十四個營運處為研究對象，研究期間為民國93年元月至94年12月，以每月為單位，第一階段使用資料包絡分析法(data envelopment analysis；DEA)對北區分公司十四個營運處的效率進行實證分析，第二階段為運用DEA-Malmquist模型分析各營運處的生產力。上述之實證研究以員工人數及資產總額為投入變數，並以營業收入總額為產出變數之多投入單產出分析。 分析結果發現在94年12月(第二十四期)的14個營運處中最適規模為2個，規模報酬遞增為10個，規模報酬遞減為2個。營運處的規模報酬遞增所佔的家數最多，表示北區分公司屬於規模報酬遞增的營運處應擴大產能規模以達最適生產規模。 另由十四個營運處的整體技術效率分析中，得知效率值最高之營運處為雙和營運處，其次為北東營運處，再其次為北北營運處，而末三名分別為基隆、宜蘭及花蓮營運處，整體而言都會區營運處經營效率較高。 最後由生產力分析之實證結果，發現所有營運處的總要素生產力變動均大於1，意味著中華電信受到電信自由化的刺激，各個營運處生產力均向上提昇。

Abstract This research computes the efficiency and productivity of fourteen branch offices in the Northen Taiwan Business Group of Chungwha Telecom from January 2004 to December 2005. A monthly panel data set is constructed. We first use data envelopment analysis (DEA) to analyze the managerial efficiency of these fourteen branch offices. We then apply the DEA-Malmquist model to compute the productivity change of each branch office. There are a single output (revenue) and two inputs (number of personnel and fixed assets) in the DEA and DEA-Malmquist models. Our major findings are as follows: (1) In December 2005, there are two offices of constant returns to scale, ten offices of increasing returns to scale, and two offices of decreasing returns to scale. (2) The Shuangho office obtains the highest, Eastern Taipei office has the second highest, and the Northern Taipei office has the third highest efficiency. (3) Keelung, Ilan, and Hualilen branch offices have the lowest efficiency scores. (4) Branch offices in urban areas have higher managerial efficiency than those in suburban areas. (5) Geometric mean monthly total-factor productivity changes of these fourteen branch offices are all higher than one, implying that their productivities strictly improve from 2004 to 2005.