以資料包絡分析法評估國內育成中心營運效率之研究

Abstract

技術創新是企業持續發展的原動力，也影響國家經濟發展。自1980年代起，各工業先進國積極塑造優良的投資創業環境，設立科學園區或創業育成中心，培育新科技事業，發展經濟。 台灣在過去五年內，成立了近60所育成中心。然各育成中心之營運效率落差大，每年經濟部主管機關都要花費不貲人力、時間，聘請專家評估各育成中心的營運效率，甚不經濟。 因此，本研究以資料包絡分析法﹙Data Envelopment Analysis, 簡稱DEA﹚將全台灣60所育成中心成立及運作滿三年，且目前仍繼續正常營運之育成中心39所，由89、90連續兩年度之資源投入，空間、人力、經費；與成果產出，培育新企業數、與母體組織合作研發計畫項數、所增加的就業人數指標，來探討其資源運用的營運效率。並嚐試建立評價國內育成中心營運效率的方法，供政府主管機關衡量各育成中心效率的參考。 由實證研究中得知：89與90兩會計年度中，不論是CCR、BCC及規模效率來衡量，代號A15、A16、A18及A19四所育成中心都顯現有效率；而A26、A32、B01及B07四所育成中心的經營效率則需做改善。未來研究如能持續觀察長期之效率分析，並追蹤被育成之新創企業之營運情況，與該育成中心之營運效率相互驗證，則更能了解各育成中心真正的營運效率。

Technology innovation is the key driving force for the growth of today’s enterprises and nation’s economy development. Accordingly, there is a global trend towards the development of industrial technology and encouragement of the hi-tech business with a view to helping the economy to flourish. Business incubation programs for nursing new technology based start-ups have been widely adopted by many industrialized countries. It’s recognized that incubator plays the important role on nursing new start-ups growth. Most of the industrial well development countries dedicated to support the incubator operation. In Taiwan, 60 incubators were established during the past five years. Because the different background, different resources input, every incubator displays different performance. This study aims to set up an evaluation method through the data envelopment analysis（DEA） process. 39 incubators that were established over 3 years and still normal operation are sampled for this study. No matter how the CCR, BCC models, the study showed that the incubators A15, A16, A18 and A19 are the higher performance incubators, incubators A26, A32, B01 and B07 are ranked lower. The concluded performance evaluation method is suitable for future adoption.