标题: | 低工作电流类比积体电路 Low Operating Current Analog Integrated Circuits |
作者: | 徐研训 Yen-Shyung Shyu 吴锦川 Jiin-Chuan Wu 电子研究所 |
关键字: | 线性稳压器;电池保护;可携式;ldo;dropout;linear regulator;battery;portable |
公开日期: | 2001 |
摘要: | 随着可携式电子产品的发展与盛行,低功率与高效率成为可携式电子产品的首要考量,因此这些利用电池提供电源的电子电路必须工作在低电压与低电流以降能量的消耗,使得电池可以长时间的工作。此外,在制程技术不断地演进的同时,由于可靠度的考量,其工作电压也必须随着制程的进步而降低。为了节省功率的消耗,稳压器常被用来降低工作电压:将较高的输入电压转换成较低的电压提供给其他电路使用。而低压降线性稳压器(LDO)在可携式产品盛行的今日更显得重要,它的优点在于低成本、容易构装,以及由于输入电压与输入电压的差值可以很小,因此它可达到低功率的目的。在过去的低压降稳压器中,常使用双载子电晶体来提供所需要的电流,它的优点除了双载子电晶体可提供大电流的优异能力外,它的高频宽也使得负载变化时使得稳压器能够快速的反应维持输出电压。然而,使用双载子电晶体输出电流会造成压降(dropout)的增加或是工作电流会随输出电流而增加,此外它也无法和标准制程整合。此外,有些稳压器必须要使用特定的输出电容才能维持其稳定性,使用不同种类的电容有可能会造成稳压器的不稳定。 在这本论文中设计了数种不同规格与用途的低压降线性稳压器:(1)高效率低压降线性稳压器,这种稳压器动态地调整其频宽使得其动态响应与效率能够同时兼顾;(2)低工作电流低压降线性稳压器,只消耗低电流以延长电池寿命;(3)高电源变动拒斥比低压降线性稳压器,改善高频时的电源变动拒斥比并减少维持稳定性所需要的面积。这些低压降线性稳压器皆使用标准制程,可与其他电路整合,此外,它的稳定性不因所使用的输出电容种类不同而受影响。 本论文的另一个主题是盛行的可充电锂电池所必须的电池保护电路。由于锂电池在过高电压时会有燃烧爆炸的危险,因此在每个锂电池组中都会有一个保护电路来维护电池以及使用者的安全。在本论文中提出了一些低工作电流的设计技巧,并实现了一个非常低工作电流的电池保护电路以其能够达成保护的作用且不会减少电池的工作时间。 The fast growing demand of portable and battery-operated electronic systems has driven the efforts to reduce power consumption or to improve the efficiency of these electronic equipments. Regulators are essential for most electrically powered systems which include the prevalent portable equipments. Regulators are required to reduce the voltage variations of the battery. Besides, regulators are often utilized to provide a lower voltage from a higher input voltage for power reduction. Current trends in portable or battery-powered electronics demand ultra-low-power consumption or high operating efficiency to prolong the service time of these battery-operated equipments. As a result, low drop-out linear voltage regulators are always in high demand. Some conventional LDO regulators, however, are implemented in non-CMOS processes and require large quiescent current for the regulator itself. The efficiency is poor at a low load current. Besides, some regulators need external compensation and define a limited range of output capacitor for its stability. This external compensation is not convenient for the consumer because an unstable condition occurs when an output capacitor is not properly chosen. This research develops techniques that enable practical circuit realizations of the CMOS low drop-out regulators which are highly efficient and stable with any kind of output capacitors. A series of CMOS low drop-out regulators are developed in this research and they feature high current efficiency, high input voltage ripple rejection, and low quiescent current, respectively. These low drop-out regulators find their uses in cellular phones, pagers, camera recorders, laptops… etc. Keeping pace with the portable electronics, rechargeable batteries are also developed rapidly. One of the popular rechargeable batteries is the Li-ion battery. A Li-ion battery protection IC is also introduced in this research due to the growing family of applications of Li-ion battery. Li-ion battery is popular due to its high energy density, high cell voltage … etc. However, it may be explosive without careful handling. A protection circuit is usually integrated inside the battery pack to prevent danger of explosion. In this research, a CMOS micro-power battery protection integrated circuit is realized and the main features are accuracy and low power consumption. This protection integrated circuit can protect the Li-ion battery from explosion and also prolong the battery operating time. |
URI: | http://140.113.39.130/cdrfb3/record/nctu/#NT900428135 http://hdl.handle.net/11536/68824 |
显示于类别: | Thesis |