可調適於無線感測網路之金鑰散佈機制

Abstract

無線感測網路乃是由一群具備有限計算能力以及無線通訊能力的微型感測器所組成。這些微型感測器將被散佈至特定受測區域用以觀測某項物理現象。無線感測網路上的安全議題正逐漸收到重視。而金鑰散佈機制向被視為提供安全服務的基礎課題。本篇論文針對無線感測網路上之金鑰散佈機制提出二個解決方案。第一個方案可基於一事先設定之安全強度，利用隨機預先佈署的方式解決金鑰散佈的問題，並有效改善所需的記憶體空間。第二個方案延伸第一個方案進一步提供點對點認證的機制，可有效解決因節點被捕捉而產生的金鑰外洩問題，提供更高的安全強度。

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are formed by a set of small devices with limited computing power and wireless communication capabilities. Those sensor nodes will be deployed on a specific area to monitor a physical phenomenon. The security services are considered more and more important for WSNs. The key distribution is regarded as the critical and fundamental issue for security services. In this thesis, we proposed two key distribution schemes for WSNs to improve the memory storage requirement. Adaptive Random Pre-distributed scheme (ARP scheme) achieves better performance in memory space requirement with a given level of security strength. It would be useful in minimizing the storage requirement for the resource limited sensor nodes. Unique Assigned One-Way Function scheme (UAO scheme) provides the characteristics of node-to-node authentication and great resistance against node capture. Moreover, UAO scheme achieves better performance in the complexity of required memory space and the network size than the existing schemes.