生產線上平衡產能與平衡流量的研究與比較

Abstract

在傳統的製造思維下，生產系統的設計皆為追求平衡產能(Balanced Capacity)，平衡產能的模式可以分為生產線間有在製品、以及生產線間無在製品的兩種型態，但在傳統上平衡流量的方法，都有其固有的缺點，主因源自於生產線上工作站各自存在的變異性以及生產線上工作站與站間所存在的相依性，都使平衡產能無法達到最大效益。Goldratt博士則認為解決生產系統不平衡的問題原則不是將流程產能調整至相同程度，而是要平衡整個生產系統的流量(Balanced flow)。但在過去的文獻上，少有關於此兩種生產線平衡方式的比較，因此本研究撰寫程式模擬有在製品及吳在製品兩種生產環，以不同情境的模擬來探討生產線上平衡產能與平衡流量兩種生產模式。

Thinking in traditional manufacturing, the production system designs are the pursuit of balanced capacity. Balanced capacity modes can be divided into the production line with work in process, and the production line without work in process. Actually the traditional balanced flow method has its drawbacks, mainly due to variability existed in each workstations and dependent between workstations. As a result, the production line cannot achieve the greatest benefit. Dr. Goldratt suggested that the principle solve the problem of unbalanced is not adjusted to the flow capacity of the same degree, but to balance the entire production system flow. In the past literature, there was little literature about comparison between two methods. The simulation is used in the study to compare two methods, and set different scenarios to explore the performance of balanced capacity and balanced flow.