標題: 氮化鎵垂直面射型雷射之電流與光學侷限研究
Study on current and optical confinement of nitride-based VCSELs
作者: 何宗霖
Ho, Tsung-Lin
盧廷昌
Lu, Tien-Chang
顯示科技研究所
關鍵字: 垂直共振腔面射型雷射;透明導電層;Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers;Indium Tin Oxide
公開日期: 2012
摘要: 本篇論文旨在探討混合式布拉格反射鏡氮化鎵微共振腔結構發光元件的電、光特性。藉由數值分析方法模擬兩種型式電流侷限孔徑(平面透明導電層以及埋藏式氮化鋁結構),我們發現過去成長氮化矽在在p 型氮化鎵上做絕緣層的方法(平面透明導電層結構)會影響載子注入效率,使得電流分布輕微聚集於孔徑周圍,增益分布遠離於腔體中央造成多模操作的問題;除此之外,缺乏側向光學侷限造成模態無法集中,閾值電流也因此偏高。埋藏式氮化鋁結構藉由在p 型氮化鎵中駐波波腹位置成長氮化鋁,做為微共振腔結構具有光學侷限能力的電流阻擋層,但是為了增加電極接觸面積、載子注入效率和減少光學損耗而移除透明導電層卻造成嚴重載子聚集和漏電流問題。為了解決上述問題,本篇研究提出第三種混和氮化鋁層和透明導電層的結構希望能同時達成電流以及光學侷限:相較於原來平面透明導電層結構能改善載子注入效率,增益區域集中於共振腔中心有利於單模操作。除此之外,埋藏式氮化鋁層提供的光學侷限的特性使得模態更集中,閾值電流也因此大幅下降。同時我們保留透明導電層減少電流以及熱累積的問題。透過與傳統結構做比較,我們發現在同樣電流注入下混和氮化鋁層和透明導電層結構的元件閾值及光輸出強度都有更佳的表現;串聯電阻也因為透明導電層接觸面積增加而有明顯優化的趨勢。確實證明了此種設計製作的可行性,我們化依照元件改良以及最佳化的方向逐步製作出低閾值單模操作電激發氮化鎵面射型雷射。
We report on the numerical analysis of the electrical and optical properties of current-injected III-N based vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) with three types of current confinement schemes, conventional planar-Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) type, AlN-buried type without ITO, and hybrid type. The proposed hybrid structure, combined an ITO layer and a buried AlN aperture, exhibits not only a uniform and a central-concentrated current distribution but also an enhanced lateral optical confinement. Thus, the hybrid type design shows a remarkably better performance including lower threshold current and series resistance compared with planar-ITO type and AlN-buried type. The strong index guiding will induce multi-transverse mode lasing, so we also optimize the structure for single transverse mode operation. Such design provides a powerful solution for high performance III-N based VCSELs and is also viable using current state of art processing techniques.
URI: http://140.113.39.130/cdrfb3/record/nctu/#GT079815531
http://hdl.handle.net/11536/72420
Appears in Collections:Thesis