GPS固定站觀測資料之驗證制度研究

Abstract

衛星固定站近年來，由內政部、中研院、氣象局、地調所及各學術團體所設置的GPS固定站已超過100座，未來若有了法定地位的賦予，將很有可能取代現有一等衛星控制點的功能。因此，各衛星追蹤站觀測資料品質的好壞就更形重要，讓他們在使用固定站資料計算前更具信心。本研究用的判定指標如下: 1.觀測資料量 2.週波脫落數(o/slps) 3.L1的多路徑效應(mp1) 4.L2的多路徑效應(mp2) 5.接收儀時錶偏移量 6.接收儀時錶穩定度 整體來看，本文所研究的六項指標中，以內接時間的頻率穩定度影響最大(fp)，次之為Mp1、Mp2的指標影響，第三為資料量與週波脫落數，最後為時鐘偏移量。 所以選擇衛星固定站，可以考慮先選擇品質指標中的頻率穩定度高與多路徑效應較小的固定站。

Hundreds of GPS permanent stations are set up in the recent years in Taiwan. Because the stations are constructed by many of different organizations. The receiver’s trademarks and data structure are also different. Therefore, the data collection and processing are also not convenient. In this project, a certification institution is established to check the data quality for user’s confidence. The indexes used in this project are as follows: 1. The quantity of the observation data. 2. Cycle slips. 3. The multipath effect of L1. 4. The multipath effect of L2. 5. The clock error of the receiver. 6. The stability of the receiver’s clock. Using these six indexes, the data qualities of the permanent stations are estimated. Besides, the value of influence of these indexes for the permanent stations’ data are considered. According to the results of the project, the eliability of the GPS permanent stations’ data are analyzed for reference. Using the quality control of the data, the precision and reliability of the data can be promoted.