新竹市火災搶救之研究

Abstract

台灣近年來由於都市人口快速成長，大都會區迅速發展、經濟快速轉型，產業、科技不斷提昇，工商發達，生活水準提高，固然帶來物質文明的成果，相對的結果亦為市民的生命財產，構成無限的威脅與危害，由於人口密集於都市，造成生活空間的擁塞，人們為解決居住問題，致使各類用途建築物日趨高層化、地下化、大型化、密閉化、複雜化，加以高危險性易燃物品大量使用，更增加發生火災發生頻率，對人民的安全威脅亦隨之昇高。但各縣市消防單位編制員額受限於地方政府財政並未因而增加，相較於美、日、歐等先進國家仍有一段差距，因此縣市政府消防單位如何運用有限經費與消防人力，來使民眾生命財產獲得最大保障，實值得深入研究探討。 本研究試就以新竹市為例，探討都市地理環境、建築物結構、火災特性及國內外大都市火災搶救規劃進行瞭解，並針對實務經驗、深層探討、合理規劃及歷年火災案件統計分析結果，期能在原有編制或人員短缺下研擬出可以隨時應付都市中各類型火災之模式，建立更完善都市救災機制，找出適合做為國內各都會型城市火災搶救之作為及消防戰力規劃的依據。

In recent years, the rapid growth of population in cities, developments of metropolises, growing of industries and technological developments beyond imagination have brought a prosperous life and great achievements, however, at the same time they also might provide threat and harm to the life and property of citizens. The concentration of population in cities has led to a crowded living space. To avail themselves enough living space, people usually build structures higher, and into underground and large-scale space such that the buildings become more complicated. Therefore, it results in high frequency of fire, which threats the safety of people. Unfortunately, the limited available resources have prevented local governments from recruiting more talents. Comparing with the developed countries like America, Japan, or those in Europe, the discrepancy could be easily found. How local governments could utilize their limited staff and budget to protect their citizens to the best is indeed a crucial issue to be discussed. Targeted on Hsin Chu City, this research probes its geographic factors, building structures, characteristics of fire together with the techniques and methods used in international and local metropolises in firefighting. It also examines the statistics of the fires in these years. Via practical experience and intensive analysis, a better mechanism to fight different types of fire is built under limited personnel and financial resources to relocate another reference for firefighting in the metropolises and firefighting planning.