複合材料三明治翼型結構之分析與製作

Abstract

本文重點分兩部份，第一部份為複合材料三明治翼型結構的研製，其中包括成型方法的選擇、心材發泡的調配、葉片接頭的製作及玻璃纖維外殼的成型。並使用內置空心巴爾莎木結構梁的方式來減重、強化，並考慮到施工方便以及更接近中大型的風力葉片結構，使用分段接合的方式來延長製作，各段之間由ㄧ連續的纖維與發泡成型出的矩形梁來串接，因此內部有實體結構的力而非單由膠合來連接。第二部份針對製作出的三明治翼型結構，使用複合材料三明治梁板的理論來分析，建立ANSYS有限元素分析模型。文中討論二維建模與三維建模的優缺點，並由此建構一分段接合的複合材料三明治翼型結構模型。最後經由ㄧ系列的測試方法，準確量出柔軟易碎的發泡材料其材料常數，並由實際製作出的三明治翼型結構作撓度試驗，由實驗的結果以及材料力學公式來驗證有限元素分析模型的準確性，以利未來藉由驗證後的模型改進設計。

Two major parts are included in the thesis. The first part is about the manufacture of composite sandwich-type wing-shaped structure, including the selection of foaming methods, the mixture process of foam materials of the core, the fabrication of the blade joints, and the formation of the glass fiber shell. Balsa wood beam is adopted in making the wing structure to reduce the weight and increase the strength of the wing structure. In order to assemble middle-to-large-scaled wind power structure conveniently, the wind blade is composed of two segments rather than just one single structure. A rectangular beam is used to connect the two segments. Therefore, the two segments are not only joined by adhesive force but also the mechanical force. The second part is about the modeling of the wing structure using the Finite Element Software ANSYS. The theory of sandwich plate is adopted to analyze the sandwich wing-shaped structure. The advantages and disadvantages of the 2D and 3D models are also studied, which are used to construct the segmented structure. Finally, a series of tests are conducted, such as measuring the material constants of the foam material, the flexural testing of the structure, etc. The correctnesses of the FEA model and the formulas of the mechanics of material are verified by the experimental results.