标题: | 辐射状构图对视觉注意力分布的影响 The spatial distribution of visual attention on radial compositions |
作者: | 庄育鲤 Yu-Li Chuang 陈一平 I-Ping Chen 应用艺术研究所 |
关键字: | 注意力;辐射状构图;反应时法;attention;radial compositions;reaction time, |
公开日期: | 2003 |
摘要: | 摘 要 在从事设计绘画工作时,设计人员都会运用适当的构图形式,将图像作有效的选择与安排,其目的是希望观看作品时能产生较多的注意力在画面中强调的重点或是焦点位置上。而在许多的设计绘画书籍中经常提到,辐射状构图的放射线所形成的集中焦点,常被视为最有效的画面视觉中心,这类的构图多半具有透视图法的暗示作用,容易表现明显的远近感以及动态效果,并且能在绘画的空间中运用图像来引导出画面中的焦点位置,获取观看者的注意力,也因此大量的被运用到不同形式媒体的平面设计中。本研究以辐射状构图的注意力判断作为研究主题,来验证辐射状构图所形成的集中焦点是否能让观看者投注较多的注意力资源在集中焦点上。主要探讨的操弄变项包括集中焦点的位置以及辐射状图像出现的刺激间距。研究中将实验的图像分成没有辐射状构图的控制组以及有辐射状构图的实验组,测试画面中不同点的位置,藉由量测注意力集中在画面中的某一点时,所获得的注意力反应时间长短,来探讨辐射状构图对注意力的影响大小。研究的结果发现:(1)辐射状构图所形成的集中焦点位于画面中心比不位于画面中心时,能获得较多的注意力分布;(2)当图像刺激间距在100ms与500ms时,受试者在集中焦点能有较多的注意力分布,而当图像刺激间距在2000ms时则与没有辐射状构图的控制组没有差异,意谓着集中焦点在观看的瞬间能获得较多的注意力,但注意力会随着观看时间的增长而扩散分布;(3)不论集中焦点在画面中的位置为何,当辐射状图像的引导作用强烈时,注意力的分布会以集中焦点而逐渐往辐射状图形发散的方向递减。 ABSTRACT Composition is the means used by a designer or a painter to manipulate the viewer’s visual attention on a picture. An effective usage of composition involves directing the viewer’s scanning path to a specific point of interest. Among the commonly used composition forms, the radial composition is considered as the most effective way to guide a viewer’s attention by many authors. This thesis examined whether a viewer’s attention is indeed automatically drawn to the focal point of a radial form. We measured the viewer’s reaction time (RT) for detecting a target at various locations on the screen. The RT is taken as an index to the amount of attention paid to a given spot on the screen. The participants were asked to detect a target on the screen as fast as possible at the presence of a radial pattern background. To trace out the temporal dynamics of the viewer’s spatial attention, the onset asynchrony between the target and the radial background was manipulated on three levels: 100 ms, 500 ms, and 2000ms. The position of the radial focus is either at the center or off center of the screen. All RTs obtained in the experimental conditions are compared with those obtained with a blank screen (the control condition). Our results show that: (1) The focal point of a radial form does attract a viewer’s attention, especially when the radial form is positioned at the center of the screen. (2) The attention-capturing effect only lasts till about 500 ms after the onset of the picture. At 2000 ms after the onset of the picture, there is no measurable attention-capturing effect. (3) The attention-capturing effect shows evident spatial gradient peaking at the focus of the radial form and dies away gradually with distance. |
URI: | http://140.113.39.130/cdrfb3/record/nctu/#GT008942533 http://hdl.handle.net/11536/79334 |
显示于类别: | Thesis |
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